（4）阅读理解D篇——【新高考】2022届高考英语二轮复习考点题号一对一
一
    If you have trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.
    To understand why, you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep. During daylight hours, the human body has an average temperature of 37℃. But your core body temperature drops as much as 1.2℃ over one night's sleep. This gradual decrease is a key part of how we sleep. Put simply, the faster you can lower your core body temperature, the faster you will fall asleep.
    One way that your body controls its temperature is through blood vessels (血管)in the skin. If your body is too hot, your blood vessels widen, pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin's surface, helping it to cool. If your body is too cold, the opposite happens. Your blood vessels narrow, restricting the flow of blood to the surface.
    The palms of your feet are one of your body's most efficient heat exchangers, since they are hairless and less protected than other skin surfaces. Researchers have shown that warming the feet before going to sleep using a warm foot bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vessel widening. which in turn lowers the body's core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold, bare feet.
    Scientists suspect that socked feet have a sleep-benefiting effect on the brain as well. The warm-sensitive neurons(神经元)in the brain become more active when there's a temperature difference between the body's core and the feet. Researchers have found that these neurons become more active as we get sleepy and slow down as we wake up, so that warming up the feet before bedtime may give them an extra drive, making you feel sleepier.
    In a small study, researchers found that wearing a pair of special "sleeping socks" not only sped up the coming of sleep, but increased overall sleep time by an average of 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking episodes in half. If you're worried about becoming too warm, look for socks made of natural fibers.
1.In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A.Advertisement.    B.Lifestyle.    C.Opinion.    D.Trend.
2.What change does warm feet bring to the body?
A.Slowed brain reaction.    B.Narrowed blood vessels.
C.Reduced core body temperature.    D.Decreased blood pressure.
3.How might the brain's warm-sensitive neurons help sleep?
A.They might help to warm up the feet.
B.They might speed up temperature growth
C.They might slow down the brain's blood flow.
D.They might bring on sleepiness when activated.
4.What is the finding of the small study mentioned in the last paragraph?
A.The warmth of socks depends on their material.
B.People wearing socks fall asleep 50 percent faster.
C.Special socks increase temperature more effectively.
D.Sock wearing helps people sleep longer and wake less
二
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are compounds(化合物;复合物) that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.
The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration (脱水) within three days, unless he had one of Omar Yaghi's next-generation water harvesters, who is a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. Although daytime wetness is only about 10 percent, this rises to 40 percent at night, which means there's enough water in the atmosphere to support life - if it can be transformed into liquid form.
That's exactly what Yaghi's invention does. It's about the size of a small microwave oven, designed to suck the water from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a MOF, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto the surfa
ce of its internal small holes. Warm it up and get the water, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water. "A device the size of a washing machine could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household," says Yaghi.
These crystalline (结晶的) groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surfaces. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.
MOFs work thanks to their distinctive structure. In fact, one MOF the size of a sugar cube has so many small holes that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable, light and have many different uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to give what it's holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.
1.Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second paragraph?
special怎么读A.To introduce water harvesters.
B.To stress the importance of water.
C.To show the severity of its condition.
D.To express the urgent need for water there.
2.What plays a vital role in water harvesters?
A.Solar energy.        B.Water molecules.
C.Metal-organic frameworks.    D.MOFs' internal small holes.
3.Which can explain the phrase "cling to" underlined in paragraph 4?
A.Give off.    B.Turn into.    C.Hold onto.    D.Break down.
4.What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs?
A.The future of the MOF technology.
B.Other uses of the MOF technology.
C.The improvement to the MOF technology.
D.Possible limitations of the MOF technology.

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