2023年人教版初中英语七年级上册Unit 5
知识点讲义(含巩固练习)
初中英语 教研室整理
Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?
Section A
1.Let’s = let us 译为“让我们...”
Let (动词)“让”。let常用在祈使句句首,常用短语为let sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”
Eg: Let’s go to school together. “让我们一起去学校吧!”
2.Go to + 地点
表示去某地;但当后面的地点是home, here, there等地点副词时,to要省略
Eg: go to Beijing “去北京”;go home “回家”;
3.Be late “迟到”; be late for “迟到”
Eg: I am late for school. “我上学迟到了。”
4.Get (动词) “得到;进入;抵达;懂了”等
常用短语:get sb. to do “让某人做某事”
Eg: I can’t get him to play the piano. “我无法让他弹钢琴。”
get sb./sth. Doing “让某人/物行动起来”
Eg: I can’t get the car moving “我无法发动车子。”
get to “到达”
Eg: I get to Beijing by plane. “我坐飞机到北京。”
Get up “起床”
Eg: She gets up at 6:00 am. “她早上六点起床。”
Eg: I got your meaning. “我明白你的意思。”
Grammar
语法:行为动词的一般现在时
一、用法:(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态
(2)表示人的性格、能力、特征或爱好等。
(3)表示客观真理或普遍事实。
二、句式:(1)肯定句:主语 + 动词原形 + 其它
Eg: I often go to school at 7:00.
(2)否定句:主语 + don’t + 动词原形 + 其它
Eg: They don’t sing every morning.
(3)一般疑问句:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do. 否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t.
Eg: Do they play football after school? Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它 ?
Eg: What do you want to do?
注意:
1. 在一般现在时的句子中,行为动词前不能有be动词
2. do除了作助动词,还可用作行为动词,译为“做”,变否定句时,不能再实义动词do后加not,要在前加don’t。
Eg: I don’t do homework on Sundays.
3.当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要使用第三人称单数形式,即“主语 + 动词三
单 + 其它”;回答以does开头的问句时,答语仍要用does或其否定形式doesn’t,不可使用其它助动词或行为动词
Eg: (1) Tom likes playing basketball.
-->Tom doesn’t like playing basketball.
(2) Does Tom like playing basketball?
--> Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
4.特殊疑问句结构:
(1)特殊词 + 助动词(do/ does)+ 主语 + 行为动词原形 + 其它(疑问词在其中不作主语)
Eg: How do you save the document?
(2) 疑问词 + 行为动词的第三人称单数 + 其它(疑问词在句中作主语)
Eg: Who cooks breakfast for him ?
常用的疑问词
问时间:when 问地点:where 问人物:who 问事物或事件:what
问方式:how 问原因:why 问哪个:which 问具体时刻:what time
问哪种:what kind of 问多少:how much/ how many
三、动词三单形式变化规则
1. 一般情况下加 – s; Eg: work --> works; like --> likes
2. 以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾,加-es ; Eg: finish --> finishes; teach --> teaches
3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变y为i加es; Eg: carry --> carried; fly --> flies
4. 以O结尾,且O前为辅音,加es ; Eg: go --> goes; do --> does
知识点:
1.play (动词) “玩;踢;打;演奏;拉;下棋”等
play + 球类/类;
Eg: play basketball “打篮球”;play football “踢足球”;play chess “下棋”
play + 中国传统乐器
Eg: play erhu “拉二胡”;
play + the + 西洋乐器
Eg: play the piano “弹钢琴”;play the guitar “弹吉他”;play the violin “拉小提琴”
2.That sounds good. “听起来不错。”
3.sound (动词) “听起来”
sound (名词) “声音”指自然界中所有的声音
voice (名词) “嗓音”指人说话的声音或悦耳的鸟声
noise (名词) “噪音”指不悦耳的吵闹声
Section B
1.interesting (形容词)“有趣的” interested (形容词) “感兴趣的”
以-ing结尾的形容词常用来修饰物,而以-ed结尾的形容词常用来指人
Eg: He is interested in this interesting book. “他对这本有趣的书很感兴趣。”
类似的词还有:relaxing/ relaxed; boring/ bored; exciting/excited等
2.fun (名词) “乐趣;娱乐活动;有趣的事”
(形容词) “使人愉快的;开心的”
(动词) “嬉闹;开玩笑”
常用句式:
(1)It’s fun to do sth./ doing sth. “做某事很有趣”
Eg: It’s fun reading books. = It’s fun to read books. “读书很有趣。”
(2)Have fun doing sth. “很开心做某事”
Eg: We had fun playing in the park “我们在公园里玩得很开心。”
3.watch TV “看电视”
watch them on TV “在电视看它们”
watch (动词)“观看” 常指集中注意力的看。
Eg: watch a football game “看足球比赛”
watch (名词)“手表”
Eg: I have a watch. “我有一块手表。”
soccer ballhe same school “相同的学校”
same (形容词) “相同的” 其反义词为different “不同的”
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