选修八  Unit2 知识点
Ⅰ单词
1. differ :vi 不同，相异；意见不合

differ from : 与…不同
differ in : 在…方面不同
differ with sb on/about sth :与某人在某事上意见不同
be different from :不同于
be different in : 在…不同
make a/no difference （to）: 有/无关系（影响、作用）

① 中文与英文在许多方面不同。
  Chinese differs from  English in  many different aspects.
② The husband differs   with  his wife  on    who is to take charge of the money.
③   It makes no difference to me  ﹙与我无关﹚ whether you are going to stay.
2.undertake :v 从事，承担，负责，保证（undertook,undertaken）
Undertake a task/responsibility :承担任务/责任
Undertake to do sth : 承诺/答应/着手做某事
Undertake that : 保证…
① She will undertake the organization work    ﹙将负责组织工作﹚of the whole project.
② I undertake to pay back the money in a week   ﹙保证一周内还钱﹚
③ The travel agent undertook that you would enjoy the trip﹙保证你会喜欢这次旅行﹚.
3 object :vi 反对；不赞成，抗议
          N 物体，目标，对象
Objection ：n 不赞成，反对，异议
Objective ：adj 客观的;基于事实的

Object to sb/sth :反对，抗议…
  Object that ：抗议…
  Have an/no objection to (doing) sth : (不)反对…
  Raise a storm of objections ： 引起一阵强烈的反对
  There is no objection to sth :没设么不可以的

① 犀利哥是同情的对象。
  Brother sharp is an object of pity.
②母亲反对说,吉米身体太虚弱,不能承担那份工作.
  Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.
③我们反对因为一个人的错误而惩罚整体.
  We object to punishing a whole group for one person's fault.
④他反对我提出的建议。
He have an objection to what I proposed.
4 obtain : v. 获得;赢得
①他没有获得奖学金.
  He failed to obtain a scholarship.
        obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve/get
Obtain :“获得，买到”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求                  或得达到目的的意味，用于正式语体中。
Acquire :“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于表示     对财物等的获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。
Gain :“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等”。
Earn:“挣得，赢得”，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。
Achieve:“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得
Get :是最普遍,使用范围最广的词,可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力.
①我终于设法弄到了这个报告的副本
  I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
②我们应该努力养成好习惯。
  We should try to acquire good habits.
③他发现赚点额外收入很容易。
  He found it easy to earn extra money
④然而，只有共同奋斗才能实现目标
  But we can only achieve our goals together
⑤上星期天你收到我的电报了吗 ?
    Did you get my telegram last Sunday ?
①②③④⑤⑥ () …
5.altogether : adv
① 完全地  (用于否定句中表部分否定)
  他对自己的新房子不尽满意。
  He was not altogether pleased with is new house .
② 全部，合计 (in total)
  I spent ￡ 100 altogether on the present.
③总之
  Altogether，the meeting was a success.
6 .Owe : vt 欠 (账，钱，人情等)；把…归功于
  Owing ：adj 未付的，欠的
  Owe sb sth =owe sth to sb欠某人某物
  Owe …to …  欠 … ；把…归功于
  Owing to… 因为，由于 
① 你欠我一个礼物。
    You owe me a present.
② 体育课因雨取消了。
  Owing to the rain , PE class was cancelled .
③刘璇把她的成功归于她的努力练习。
  Liuxuan owes her success to hard practice .
7 bother vt. 烦扰;打扰; vi.操心;麻烦;
            n.麻烦,麻烦的事;引起麻烦的人或事
  bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或烦扰某人object to
  bother to do ... 费力做……
  bother with/about sth. 操心做某事
    It bothers sb that/ to do sth 做某事使某人不安
①我不能因为自己那点小事就去打扰他
  I can't bother him with my little affairs.
②你不必特地来我办公室.
  You needn't bother to come to my office.
③那问题已经困扰了我几个星期.
  The problem has been bothering me for weeks
④别为我担心
  Don't bother yourself about me.
⑤我毫不费力地到了那座房子.
  I found the house without any bother. 
8 strike : v 打，击；突然想到；罢工；(钟)敲/鸣；划(火柴)；
              (灾难，疾病)侵袭，爆发；
  It strikes sb … 某人突然想到…(sth strikes sb)
  Be/go on strike :罢工
  Strike …into one's heart :使…刻骨铭心
①当我路过的时候，钟敲12点。
  When I was passing by, I heard the clock striking 12.
②我突然想起我没关煤气。
  It struck me that I did not turn off the gas.
③趁热打铁。
Strike while the iron is hot.
④非典袭击了那个地区。
  SARS struck the area.
9 resist v.抵抗;对抗    resistance n. 抵抗,反抗;抵抗力    resistant adj. 抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  resist sth. 抵制;阻挡某事
  resist doing sth. 反对做某事
  can't resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事
  be resistant to sb./sth. 对某人/某事有抵抗力
①健康的身体能抵御疾病
  A healthy body resists disease.
② 我忍不住要笑
      I could hardly resist laughing
③这种作物具有抗寒性.
This plant is resistant to cold weather
Ⅱ词组
1. Pay off ：偿清债款；得到好结果；付清工资解雇
①最后，他的努力得到了回报
    At last, his hard work paid off.
  ②你的计划成功了吗？
Did your plan pay off?
pay for ：为…付款；为…付出代价
  Pay back ：还钱；报复
  Pay a/the price for : 因…受害/付代价
A①fter ten years of hard working she finally 
  paid      off  her debt.
②Our efforts are sure to  pay      off  .
③Have you  paid    the milkman this week?
④I will pay    you  back      next week.
2 cast down :使沮丧；使不愉快

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