模拟有源滤波器设计的MATLAB实现课程设计
摘要
本文阐述了滤波器的基本概念，介绍了模拟有源滤波器的设计原理和逼近理论。其中包括巴特沃思逼近、切比雪夫I型逼近、切比雪夫Ⅱ型逼近、椭圆函数逼近和贝塞尔逼近。并研究了模拟有源滤波器的设计流程及性能测试。
综合了传统的硬件设计方法与软件编程技术，由MATLAB仿真出了各种滤波器逼近技术的幅频特性曲线并进行了实例分析。对巴特沃思滤波器实例的研究仿真，由程序快速的得到了最小阶数和截止频率，取代了传统繁复的计算；方便的实现了由模拟低通滤波器向高通、低通和带阻滤波器的转换；对四运放复杂电路进行了设计仿真，通过求取其不同点的输出传递函数，模拟了二阶低通、高通、带通和带阻滤波器的幅频特性曲线并得到了较好的仿真结果。
关键词：模拟有源滤波器；逼近理论；幅频特性;MATLAB程序设计
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the basic concepts of filters introduced analog active filter design principles and approximation theory. Including Butterworth approximation, Chebyshev type I approximation, Chebyshev
Ⅱ type approximation, elliptic function approximation and Bezier approximation. The first author studied the analog active filter design process and performance testing.
Combines the traditional hardware design methods and software programming techniques, the MATLAB simulation of a variety of filter approximation technique of amplitude-frequency characteristic curve and an illustrative example. Butterworth filter instance on simulation studies, by the program to quickly get the minimum order and the cutoff frequency, replacing the traditional complex calculations; conveniently
achieved by the analog low-pass filter to the high-pass, low-pass and band-stop filter the conversion; complex on quad op amp circuit design simulation, through its different points strike output transfer function to simulate the second-order low-pass, high pass, band pass and band-stop filter frequency characteristic curve and get better simulation results.
Keywords:Analog and Active Filter;Theory of Approximation, Amplitude-frequency characteristics,MATLAB program design Compiling?and?organizing?data
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1 Introduction
滤波是信号处理的一种最基本而重要的技术，利用滤波可从复杂的信号中提取所需要的信号，抑制不需要的部分。所谓滤波器是具有一定传输特性的信号处理装置。根据滤波器所处理的信号不同，滤波器可分为模拟滤波器和数字滤波器两类。模拟滤波器在测试系统或专用仪器仪表中是一种常用的变换装置。例如：带通滤波器用作频谱分析仪中的选频装置；低通滤波器用作数字信号分析系统中的抗频混滤波；高通滤波器被用于声发射检测仪中剔除低频干扰噪声；带阻滤波器用作电涡流测振仪中的陷波器，等等。与模拟滤波器相对应，在离散系统中广泛应用数字滤波器。它的作用是利用离散时间系统的特性对输入信号波形或频率进行加工处理。或者说，把输入信号变成一定的输出信号，从而达到改变信号频谱的目的。数字滤波器一般可以用两种方法来实现：一种方法是用数字硬件装配成一台专门的设备，这种设备称为数字信号处理机；另一种方法就是直接利用通用计算机，将所需要的运算编成程序让通用计算机来完成，即利用计算机软件来

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