[专升本类试卷]2014年浙江专升本(英语)真题试卷
0 Have you ever wondered where the first doughnut(炸面圈)was made? Who thought up the idea of a fried cake with a hole in the center?
No one knows for sure who made the firstdoughnut. Some people think that doughnut probably began in the 1800s as Dutch " olykoeks " or "oily cakes. " In those days, a cook would not want to waste any scraps of food. Leftover pieces of bread dough(生面团)were put into hot oil and fried. Olykoeks were tasty on the outside, but soft and uncooked in the center.
Some people say that the mother of a New England sea captain invented the first real doughnut. Her name was Elizabeth Gregory. She replaced the soft center with spices and nuts.
But, Elizabeth's son, Captain Gregory, did not like nuts. He punched out the center, and the consequence was the first hole in a doughnut.
Others say the real story is that Captain Gregory had difficulty steering his ship while trying to eat doughnut. He asked the ship's cook to make his doughnuts with holes so he could hang them on the steering wheel! Others think that Captain Gregory saw holed cakes in Europe and brought the idea back to America with him.
During world war I, homesick American soldiers in Europe were served doughnuts by the Salvation Army. These brave women volunteering for the job were called " Doughnut Girls. " They often worked in dangerous conditions near the soldiers, so the Doughnut Girls wore helmets and uniforms. The women made doughnut cutters out of a large can with a smaller can inside it to cut out the hole. They could set up a kettle of hot oil to fry the dough almost anywhere.
In the 1920s, doughnut machines were invented. Doughnuts were produced faster and easier than everbefore. Still, many people preferred to make their favorite doughnuts at home.
1 The passage is mainly about______.
(A)the popularity of doughnuts
(B)the history of doughnuts
(C)the inventors of doughnuts
(D)the types of doughnuts
2 The first Dutch" olykoek " came into being probably because______.
(A)people did not like to eat fried food
(B)cooks did not like to waste leftover food
(C)Dutchmen liked oil cakes very much
(D)cooks liked the soft center of cakes
3 What was used to replace the uncooked center to improve doughnuts?
(A)Scraps of food
(B)Jelly filling
(C)Spices and nuts
(D)Leftover bread dough
4 In paragraph 3, the word" consequence" probably means______.
(A)action
(B)damage
(C)problem
(D)result
5 What can be inferred about the Doughnut Girls during world war I?
(A)They worked aboard a ship.
(B)They worked near battlefields
(C)They used untested machines
(D)They used helmets to cook doughnuts
5 It is a blow for the Ugly Bettys and Plain Janes—research shows that good looks lead to better pay. A study of 4,000 young men and women found that beauty boosted pay cheeks more than intelligence. Those judged to be the more attractive earned up to 10 percent more than their less attractive friends and colleagues. Applied to the average salary of £25,______,000 a year, the"plainness penalty(处罚)"would make a difference of £ 2,500 a year—or around £ 50 a week.
It is unclear what is behind the phenomenon but it may be that beauty creates confidence. The self-confident may appear to be doing better than they are and will not hesitate about asking for a pay rise.
Researcher Jason Fletcher, of Yale University in the U. S. , rated the attractiveness of the 4,000 men and women. Just over half were judged average, while 7 percent were felt
to be very attractive and 8 percent were judged unattractive or very unattractive. The volunteers also sat an IQ test and reported their salary. It became clear that pay scales were far from fair. For instance, a 14-point increase on the IQ score was associated with a 3 to 6 percent increase in wage. But being of above-average looks increased pay by 5 to 10 percent .
For a plain person to be paid the same as a very attractive one , they would have to be 40 percent brighter, the journal Economics Letters reports.
Dr Fletcher said:"The results do show that people's looks have an impact on their wages and it can be very important. "
6 What is the"plainness penalty"?
(A)To be paid less for being ordinarily-looking.ignore the waste behind you
(B)To be laughed at for being ordinarily-looking.
(C)To be fired for being ordinarily-looking.
(D)To be questioned for being ordinarily-looking.
7 What's the average annual salary of a good-looking person?
(A)£ 2,500
(B)£ 25,000
(C)£ 22,500
(D)£ 27,500
8 Good-looking people are usually paid more probably because______.
(A)they look smarter
(B)they have higher degrees
(C)they are better at pleasing others
(D)they are more confident
9 How many people were rated as very attractive in Jason Fletcher's study?
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