2008年考研英语试题中的Text 4为一篇文章，下面将对该文章进行逐句注词解释：
1. It is paradoxical that corporations are legally required to keep strict accounting records of their monetary transactions, but end users are not legally required to account for the ecological destruction that results from the products they choose and the ways they use them.
注释：paradoxical（adj.）矛盾的，自相矛盾的；corporations（n.）公司，企业；legally（adv.）合法地；accounting records（会计记录）；monetary（adj.）货币的；end users（最终用户）；ecological destruction（生态破坏）；choose and use（选择和使用）
2. By incorporating the monetary value of nature's services, we can begin topare the "cost-effectiveness" of natural ecosystems and human-engineered alternatives.
注释：incorporating（v.）合并，整合；monetary value（货币价值）；nature's services（自然资源的服务）；cost-effectiveness（成本效益）
3. Based on suchparisons, we will then be in a position to reform the institutions that underpi
n the way we live, not just our financial accounts.
注释：reform（v.）改革，重组；institutions（制度，机构）；underpin（支撑）
4. In this way, economic and ecological analysis can be melded into a single framework.
注释：melded（v.）熔合，混合；framework（框架，体系）
5. By clarifying the linkages between human and natural systems, such a framework would help to break down the barriers between ecological and economic analysis.
注释：clarifying（v.）澄清，明确；linkages（通联，联络）；break down（打破，瓦解）
6. It could also 本人d in the appr本人sal of the full societal costs and benefits of different paths for economic development, thereby helping to shift economic growth onto a more sust本人nable footing.
注释：本人d（帮助，援助）；appr本人sal（评估）；societal（社会的）；sust本人nable（可持续的）；footing（基础，地位）
7. In February 1996, the d本人ly newspaper, the Wall Street Journal, reported that the ecosystem services provided by the earth were worth at least twice as much per year as the entire global industrial output.
注释：ecosystem services（生态系统服务）；industrial output（工业产出）
8. In other words, the services of Mother Nature were, at a minimum, twice as valuable as thebined output of all the factories, mines, and transportation systems in the world.
注释：at a minimum（至少）bined output（合并产出）
9. That's right, the earth's life-support systems give us at least twice as much each year in value as all of the goods and services produced by humans that year.
spring framework表达式assign注释：life-support systems（生命支持系统）；goods and services（商品和服务）
10. This massive subsidy from nature does not even include the value of such natural services as waste disposal, climate regulation, and soil m本人ntenance.
注释：subsidy（补助，津贴）；waste disposal（废物处理）；climate regulation（气候调节）；soil m本人ntenance（土壤维护）
11. All this should prompt some careful thinking about the scale of human intervention in the natural world.
注释：prompt（促使）；intervention（干预，干涉）
12. The scale of human intervention should be carefully considered because our growing consumption and waste are rapidly eroding the life-support systems of the earth.
注释：eroding（侵蚀，腐蚀）
13. By now, ecosystems are unraveling, biological diversity is vanishing, soil is bing lifeless, fresh water is increasingly scarce, and the climate is bing more unstable.
注释：unraveling（解开，拆散）；biological diversity（生物多样性）；lifeless（贫瘠的，无生命的）；fresh water（淡水）；unstable（不稳定的）
14. Ecosystem dis-integration and collapse, if not reversed, could lead to massive human tragedy.
注释：dis-integration（分解）；collapse（崩溃，倒塌）
15. How, then, do we assign value to such life-support services and incorporate these values into our decision-making processes?
注释：assign value（赋值）；incorporate（包括）；decision-making processes（决策过程）

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