=============  int类型数据的输入与输出  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int year, month, day;
int result = scanf("%d-%d-%d",&year,&month,&day);
if(result<3)
printf("input error \n");
else
printf("%d-%d-%d \n",year,month,day);
}
=============  double类型数据的输入与输出  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
double accuracy; //0.000000
int result = scanf("%lf",&accuracy);
if(result<1)
printf("input error \n");
else {
printf("%.3lf \n",accuracy);
printf("%10.3lf \n",accuracy);
printf("%010.3lf \n",accuracy);
printf("%-10.3lf \n",accuracy);
}
}
=============  char类型数据的输入与输出  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char character;
int result = scanf("%c",&character);
if(result<1)
printf("input error \n");
else
printf("%c \n",character);
int count;
for(count=0; count<5; count++) {
getchar(); //filter enter
character = getchar(); 
printf("%c \n",character);
}
}
=============  string类型数据(字符串与字符数组)的输入与输出  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char *str = "string is a constant";
printf("%s \n", str);
int cnt = 0;
while(str[cnt] != '\0') {
printf("%c", str[cnt]);
cnt++;
} printf("\n");
char input[10];
int result = scanf("%s",input);
if(result<1)
printf("input error \n");
else
printf("%s \n",input);
}
--------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void main()
{
char *str = "string is a constant";
int cnt, len=strlen(str);
for(cnt=0; cnt<len; cnt++) {
printf("%c", str[cnt]);
} printf("\n");
}
=============  array类型数据的输入与输出  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
void InitArray(int arr[], int len);
void HandleArray(int arr[], int len);
void PrintArray(int arr[], int len);
void main()
{
int array[10];
InitArray(array, 10);
HandleArray(array, 10);
PrintArray(array, 10);
}
void InitArray(int arr[], int len) {
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
int cnt;
for(cnt=0; cnt<len; cnt++) {
arr[cnt] = rand();
}
}
void HandleArray(int arr[], int len) {
int cnt;
for(cnt=0; cnt<len; cnt++) {
arr[cnt] = arr[cnt]%100;
}
}
void PrintArray(int arr[], int len) {
int cnt;
for(cnt=0; cnt<len; cnt++) {
printf("%d \n", arr[cnt]);
}
}
=============  指针变量(指针就是地址)  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int *point;
int num = 10;
point = #
// the RAM address that the point var points
printf("point: %d \n",point);
// the content of the RAM address
printf("*point: %d \n",*point);
// the RAM address of the point var基础c语言代码
printf("&point: %d \n",&point);
}
=============  struct结构体  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct date {
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
typedef struct stu {
int id;
char *name;
struct date birth;
}sdt, *sdts;
void main()
{
sdt stu_one;
stu_one.id = 101;
stu_one.name = "Jorden Bruce";
stu_ar = 2008;
stu_h =8;
stu_one.birth.day = 8;
sdts students;
students  = (sdts)malloc(sizeof(stu)*10);
int ids = students->id;
printf("%d",stu_one.id);
}
=============  函数中的参数传递  ===============
#include <stdio.h>
// 按值传递(参数)
int ChangeOne(int e) {
printf("e=%d, &e=%d\n", e, &e);
e = 20;
return e;
}
// 按引用传递(参数)
int ChangeTwo(int &e) {
printf("e=%d, &e=%d\n", e, &e);
e = 20;
return e;
}
// 传递指针变量
int ChangeThree(int *e) {
printf("e=%d, *e=%d, &e=%d\n", e, *e, &e);
*e = 20;
return *e;
}
void main()
{
int num = 10;
int result = 0;
printf("num=%d, &num=%d\n", num, &num);
printf("result=%d, &result=%d\n", result, &result);
printf("\n");
result = ChangeOne(num);
printf("num=%d, &num=%d\n", num, &num);
printf("result=%d, &result=%d\n", result, &result);
printf("\n");
result = ChangeTwo(num);
printf("num=%d, &num=%d\n", num, &num);
printf("result=%d, &result=%d\n", result, &result);
printf("\n");
result = ChangeThree(&num);
printf("num=%d, &num=%d\n", num, &num);
printf("result=%d, &result=%d\n", result, &result);
}
=============  编程规范  ===============
一个好的C程序员应该做到:
1.在运行程序之前存盘
2.所有在程序中用到的常量都用预处理语句在程序开头定义
3.所有在程序中用到的函数都在程序开头声明
4.头文件的#ifndef
5.变量名和函数名使用有意思的英文单词或汉语拼音
6.尽量少用全局变量或不用全局变量
7.采用层次的书写程序格式,对for,while,if_else,do_while,switch_case等控制语句或他们的多重嵌套,采用缩格结构
8.所有对应的{}都对齐
9.尽量用for,而不用while做记数循环
10.尽量不用goto语句
11.一个函数不宜处理太多的功能,保持函数的小型化,功能单一化
12.一个函数要保持自己的独立性,如同黑匣子一样,单进单出
13.函数的返回类型不要省略
14.用malloc()分配内存空间时,以后一定要用free()释放
15.打开文件后,记住在退出程序前要关闭
16.出错情况的处理
17.写上必要的注释
这里说的是一些基本的,经常遇到的情况,还有其他很多要注意的地方,在实际编程中都会遇到.

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