Connection Elements and Connection
Library
Lecture 2
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
L2.2 Overview
•Introduction
•Defining Connector Elements
•Understanding Connector Sections
•Understanding Connection Types
•Understanding Connector Local Directions
•Rotational Degrees of Freedom at Nodes
•Components of Relative Motion
•Connector Local Kinematics
•Summary of Orientations and Local Directions
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Introduction
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
L2.4
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Introduction
•General characteristics of connector elements
•Connector elements model discrete (point-to-point) physical connections between deformable or rigid bodies or can be connected to ground.
•Example: typical connections in automotive suspension systems
Typical connections in automotive suspension
Rack and pinion Control arm
Tie rod
Knuckle
Strut
JOIN CYLINDRICAL
AXIAL
CYLINDRICAL
LINK
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
L2.5
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Introduction
•Connector elements have relative displacements and rotations that are local to the element, which are referred to as components of relative motions (CORM).
•Connector elements impose kinematic constraints. For example:
•Door connected to a frame through a hinge •Two panels of sheet metal spot welded together •Constant velocity joints
•Connector elements may include (nonlinear) force-versus-displacement (or velocity) behavior in their available components of relative motion. •Example: muscle force resisting the rotation of a knee joint in a crash-test occupant dummy model.
connect和join的区别
•Connector elements can provide comprehensive kinematic and kinetic output describing the connection.
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
L2.6
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Introduction
•Connector elements are functionally defined by specifying the connection attributes.
•Connection types
•For example: axial, hinge, weld, constant velocity joints, link,beam, etc.•Local connector directions
•Connector behaviors
•Uncoupled or coupled response
•Linear or nonlinear response •Elasticity and damping •Plasticity •Friction
•Damage and Failure •Stops and locks AXIAL connection in a shock absorbing
strut uses a variety of connection behaviors, including spring, damping and stop
behaviors
AXIAL
Defining Connector Elements
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
L2.8 Defining Connector Elements
•Connector elements are 2-node elements.
•Element type:
•CONN2D2
•Two-dimensional analysis
•Axisymmetric analysis
•CONN3D2
•Three-dimensional analysis
•Both types of element have at most two nodes.
•The position (location, orientation) and motion (displacement, velocity,
acceleration) of the second node on the element are measured relative to
the first node.
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
L2.9
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Defining Connector Elements
•Defining a connector element –Keywords interface
•To connect two points:
*ELEMENT, TYPE=[CONN2D2 or CONN3D2]
element number , first node number , second node number
•Example: Shock absorber
*ELEMENT, TYPE=CONN3D2101, 11, 12
Simplified connector model of a shock absorber
a
b
1Flexible Multibody Systems with ABAQUS
L2.10
Copyright 2006 ABAQUS, Inc.
Defining Connector Elements
•To connect a point to ground:
•The ground “node”can be the first or second node on the connector
element.
*ELEMENT, TYPE=name
element number , , node number on the body
or
*ELEMENT, TYPE=name
element number , node number on the body
•The ground node is fixed.
2

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