Definition of Exposition
n  Exposition means explaining. An expository paper explains something, such as how something is made. Why something has happened, in which ways two persons or things are similar or different and so on.
n  In an expository paper, we discuss its cause and effect, its nature, and its significance in history. Expository papers are perhaps the type of writing that is most frequently used by a student, a scientist, or a professional.
Methods of Expository Writing
                (写作方法)
n  Things can be explained in many ways, for instance, by
n  Process (过程)
n  Illustration (列举)
n  Classification and/or division (分类)
n  Comparison and/or contrast  (对比、对照)
n  Causes and/or effects (因果）
curtainsProcess
            Title:    Moving House
      Moving house is a major upheaval (剧变)in people’s lives. Before the men come to actually move the furniture, many things must be done in preparation. All the toys, normally strewn(散播)around the house, must be gathered together and put into large boxes for easy transportation. All books too must be put away in an orderly fashion so as not to be damaged in transit. Drawers and wardrobes should be emptied and their contents carefully packed. Pictures should be taken down from the walls and wrapped with proper cloth. And lastly, don’t forget to take down all the curtains and blinds. Soon everything is prepared and the removal men arrive. All the boxes and furniture are loaded
into the lorry. A quick check is necessary to make sure the flat is empty and the lorry is off on its way to the new flat.
Comments
n  The paragraph gives a step-by-step description of getting things ready before moving a house. The method is called development by process.
n  It is a very useful method when we tell people how to do things in correct order, so as to avoid mistakes or even failures.
n  It is important to make clear the right sequence of the things to be done, and state every step in a clear way.
分析
n  Moving house is a major upheaval in people’s lives.  （整段的主题句）
n  Before…, All the toys, … All books … Drawers and wardrobes … their contents… , all the curtains and blinds …, (说明事物的过程）
n  A quick check is necessary to make sure the flat is empty and the lorry is off on its way to the new flat. （整段的结尾句）
n  说明文是用来说明、解释某一客观事物的特点、性质，某种操作程序、工作原理、生产过程以及某种抽象概念、科学原理、自然现象等阐明事理的文章。完全是客观描述，不带感情彩。目的是使读者对所解释的事物有清楚、完整的了解和认识。比如:介绍某种设备的使用方法，某种问题是如何解决的，某种自然现象是怎样形成的等等，就需要写说明文。
          Illustration  (列举)
Title:    Understanding Poverty
      Small children have a hard time understanding poverty. They want the same things children from more affluent (富裕的) families have. They have the same things they see advertised on television, and they don’t understand why they can’t have them.
n      Other children can be incredibly (难以置信的) cruel. I was in elementary school in Georgia---and this is interesting because it is the only thing I remember about that particular school---- when I was about eight or nine.
n      After Christmas vacation had ended, my teacher made each student describe all his or her Christmas presents, I became more and more uncomfortable as the privilege passed around the room toward me. Other
  children were reciting the names of the dolls they had been given, the kinds of bicycles and the grandeur (豪华) of their games and toys. Some had lists which seemed to go on and on for hours.
n      It took me only a few seconds to tell the class that I had gotten for Christmas a belt and a pair of gloves. And then I was laughed at --- because I cried --- by a roomful of children and a teacher. I never forgave them, and that night I made my mother cry when I told
  her about it.
      In retrospect (回顾), I am grateful for that moment, but I remember wanting to die at the time.
Comments
n      This essay gives examples of a small child’s difficulty in understanding poverty and the cruelty of other children. It is a successful illustration paper, because the author has chosen specific, interesting, and relevant examples from his personal experience, and has arranged these examples expertly, grouping similar examples together and arranging them climactically(顶点地)by ending his paper with  the only thing
  he remembers about the particular elementary school in Georgia.
Classification and/or division
                      (分类)
      There are three kinds of book owners according to the way they deal with their books. The first has all the standard sets and best sellers unread, and even untouched. The second has a great many books--- a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. The third has a few books or many--- every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated (破旧的) ,
  shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books) In a word, these categories of books owners are different in the number of books and in the extent they make use of their books.
    Comparison and/or contrast

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