新概念三册讲义
Lesson 1 A puma at large
 
学生姓名 ___________
就读学校 ___________
            时    间 ___________
1. A puma at large
at large意为“逍遥自在的；未捕获的”。通常用来指具有危险性的人或事物未被控制的状态。
e.g. the escaped murderer at large 仍在逍遥法外的在逃杀人犯
  The disease is still at large. 此种疾病仍在蔓延。
2. Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.
美洲狮是一种体型似猫的大动物，产于美洲。
(1) cat-like为派生词，由词根（名词）+后缀（-like）构成。后缀-like表示“像… 似的”、“有…
特征的”：
e.g. doglike 像狗似的
  womanlike 女人似的
(2) find v. used to say that sth. exists, grows, etc. somewhere （在某处）存在，生长
e.g. These flowers are found only in Africa.
    这些花仅见于非洲。
 
3. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.
当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一头野生美洲狮时，这些报告并没有收到重视。
(1) spot v. to see or notice a person or thing, especially suddenly or when it is not easy to do so
    看见；看出；发现
e.g. I finally spotted my friend in the crowd. 我终于在人中看见了我的朋友。
  Can you spot the difference between these two pictures? 你能不能看出这两幅画有什么不同？
(2) take sth. seriously认真对待
transition用法搭配    e.g. Nearly everyone had warned him of the danger, but he didn’t take it seriously.
        几乎每个人都警告过他有危险，但他并未把它当回事儿。
4. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。
(1) 从属连词as在此处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”、“当… 时”
e.g. As she talked on she got more and more worried. 她越说越焦虑。
(2) accumulate v. to gradually get more and more of sth. over a period of time
          积累；积聚
e.g. By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。
(3) investigate v. If someone, especially an official, investigates an event, situation, or claim, they try to find out      what happened or what is the truth. 调查；审查
e.g. The FBI has been called in to investigate. 联邦调查局奉命进行调查。
(4) oblige v. to force sb. to do sth, by law, because it is a duty, etc. （以法律、义务等）强迫，迫使
常见搭配：oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
但此动词，常用于被动语态： be/ feel obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事；感到不得不做某事
e.g. The police obliged the onlookers to leave. 警察迫使围观者离开。
He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work. 他受伤严重，不得已只好放弃工作。
Parents are obliged by law to send their children to school. 法律规定父母必须送子女上学。
I felt obliged to ask them to dinner. 我不得不请他们吃饭。
(5) 句中的for为并列连词，可用来表示因果关系，通常用来引导一件事情事后想到的原因，更类似于置于括号内的说明性文字。由于这些特征，因此在使用时不可直接用其引导原因状语从句，或像原因状语从句那样置于句首，如不可说：
  * For I was feeling quite hungry, I decided to stop and have lunch.
而应说：
  I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry
(6) claim v. If you say that someone claims that something is true, you mean they say that it is true but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth. 声称；断言
e.g. He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.
  他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
(7) to have seen为动词不定式的完成时结构，表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词claimed之前。
5. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw ‘a large cat’ only five yards away from her.
搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时看见“一只大猫”离她仅5码远。
picking blackberries 为现在分词短语作定语，后置修饰woman。现在分词/分词短语作定语时含有进行、持续和主动的含义，因此可以将其译为正在采摘黑莓的妇女。
e.g. Tell those children playing outside not to make so much noise.
让在外边玩耍的孩子别这么吵。
6. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮除非被逼到得走投无路，否则是决不会伤人的。
(1) 此处will不是用来表示将来时的助动词，而是用来表示习惯性或动作特征的情态助动词，通常表示“就”、“就会”、“总是”之意。
e.g. He will never let anybody know what he is doing. 他从不让任何人知道他在干什么。
(2) confirm v. to state or show that sth. is definitely true or correct, especially by providing
evidence
        (由指提供证据来)证实，证明，确认
e.g. His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions. 他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。
  It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week. 已经确定会议将于下周召开。
(3) corner v. to get a person or an animal into a place or situation from which they cannot escape
      使（人或动物）走投无路；逼… 入绝境
e.g. Never corner an opponent, and always assist him in saving his face.
  永远不要把对手逼入绝境，相反，要帮他挽回面子。
  The man was finally cornered by police in a garage.
  那名男子最终被警方逼到了车库里。
7. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里以外的乙地发现它的踪迹。
(1) prove v. If something proves to be true, it becomes clear after a period of time that it is true.
    证明是；原来是；结果是
e.g. The promotion proved to be a turning point in his career.

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