上海初中从句知识点总结
    上海初中从句知识点总结
    一、定语从句
定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，常用关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that来引导。定语从句可以前置、后置或插入在主句中。
    1. 关系代词的用法：
  a) who代替人作主语：The girl who is talking to Tom is my sister.
  b) whom代替人作宾语：Tom shook hands with the girl whom he met yesterday.
  c) whose表示所属关系：I saw a man whose car was stolen.手机unknown是什么意思
  d) which代替物作主语或宾语：The book which is on the table is mine.
  e) that既可以代替人又可以代替物，作主语或宾语：The boy that is reading is my brother.
    2. 关系代词在从句中的位置：
  a) 在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可以省略：This is the book (which) I bought yesterday.
  b) 当关系代词在定语从句中修饰介词时，介词必须放在关系代词之前：This is the house in which she lives.
    3. 常见关系副词的用法：
  a) when表示时间：I will never forget the day when I met you.
  b) where表示地点：This is the school where we study.
  c) why表示原因：That's the reason why he didn't come to the party.
    二、状语从句
状语从句是用来修饰动词、形容词或副词的从句，常见的状语从句有时间、条件、原因、
目的、结果、方式、地点状语从句等。
    1. 时间状语从句：
  a) when引导的时间状语从句，表示一个动作或状态发生的时间：I will call you when I arrive in Shanghai.
  b) while引导的时间状语从句，表示两个动作同时进行：I watched TV while my sister was doing homework.
  c) as soon as引导的时间状语从句，表示“一...就...”的意思：I will let you know as soon as I have any news.
    2. 条件状语从句：
  a) if引导的条件状语从句，表示假设：If it rains tomorrow, we won't go for a picnic.
  b) unless引导的条件状语从句，表示“除非...否则”的意思：I won't go to the party unless he invites me.
    3. 原因状语从句：
  a) because引导的原因状语从句，表示因果关系：She didn't go to work because she was sick.
  b) since引导的原因状语从句，表示由于：Since it's too late, I can't go with you.
    4. 目的状语从句：
  a) so that引导的目的状语从句，表示目的：I studied hard so that I could pass the exam.
  b) in order that引导的目的状语从句，表示为了：I bought some food in order that I wouldn't be hungry.
    5. 结果状语从句：
  a) so引导的结果状语从句，表示结果：She studied hard, so she got good grades.
  b) hat引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此...以至于”的意思：He is such a good teacher that all the students like him.
    6. 方式状语从句：
  a) as引导的方式状语从句，表示方式：I will do it as he told me.
  b) like引导的方式状语从句，表示像：She does things like her mother.
    7. 地点状语从句：
  a) where引导的地点状语从句，表示地点：I will meet you at the place where we talked yesterday.
    三、主语从句
主语从句是用来作主语的从句，常用关系词that, whether, if来引导。
    1. that引导的主语从句：
  a) That he didn't come to the party made me sad.
  b) It is said that he is a famous actor.
    2. whether/if引导的主语从句：
  a) Whether he will come or not doesn't matter.
  b) If it will rain tomorrow is still unknown.
    四、宾语从句
宾语从句是用来作宾语的从句，常用关系词that, whether, if来引导。
    1. that引导的宾语从句：
  a) He said that he would come tomorrow.
  b) I know that you are telling the truth.
    2. whether/if引导的宾语从句：
  a) I don't know whether/if he will come or not.
  b) She asked me if I had seen the movie.
    总结：
上海初中从句知识点总结主要包括定语从句、状语从句、主语从句和宾语从句四种类型。定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，常用关系代词引导；状语从句用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，常见的有时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、方式、地点状语从句等；主语从句用来作主语，常用关系词引导；宾语从句用来作宾语，常用关系词引导。这些从句在句子中起到不同的修饰或补充作用，对于句子的表达和理解都有重要作用
    宾语从句是从句中的一种，它用来作为句子的宾语。宾语从句通常由一个引导词引导，常见的引导词有that, whether, if等。
    首先，我们来看一下由that引导的宾语从句。在这种情况下，that可以省略，特别是在口语中，常常会省略。例如：
    He said (that) he would come tomorrow.（他说他明天会来。）
I know (that) you are telling the truth.（我知道你说的是真的。）
    除了that之外，whether和if也可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”的意思。这两个词在宾语从句中是可以互换的。例如：
    I don't know whether/if he will come or not.（我不知道他是否会来。）
She asked me if I had seen the movie.（她问我是否看过那部电影。）
    在宾语从句中，需要注意的是，当宾语从句和主句的主语一致时，通常可以使用whether或if来引导宾语从句。例如：
    She asked me whether/if I had finished my homework.（她问我是否完成了作业。）
    宾语从句在句子中起到了修饰和补充的作用。它可以进一步说明或解释主句中的动作或状态。通过使用宾语从句，我们可以更清晰地表达我们的意思，使句子更具准确性和完整性。

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