SHELL脚本中执⾏SQL语句操作MYSQL的5种⽅法
对于⾃动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本⽂描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中，shell脚本下调⽤sql语句的⼏种⽅法，供⼤家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化，需要进⼀步完善和调整。以下为具体的⽰例及其⽅法。
1、将SQL语句直接嵌⼊到shell脚本⽂件中
复制代码代码如下:
--演⽰环境
[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like 'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value      |
+---------------+------------+
| version      | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}
# execute sql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"
echo -e "\n">>${LOG}
echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id  | val  |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
2、命令⾏调⽤单独的SQL⽂件
复制代码代码如下:
[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"  Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id  | val  |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
3、使⽤管道符调⽤SQL⽂件
复制代码代码如下:
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1      jack
2      robin
3      mark
Outfile disabled.
#使⽤管道符调⽤SQL⽂件以及输出⽇志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log  [root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1      jack
2      robin
3      mark
Outfile disabled.
4、shell脚本中MySQL提⽰符下调⽤SQL
复制代码代码如下:
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF
source /root/temp.sql;
shell代码
select current_date();
delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;
select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;
EOF
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh
Logging to file '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1      jack
2      robin
3      mark
Outfile disabled.
current_date()
2014-10-14
id      val
2      robin
5、shell脚本中变量输⼊与输出
复制代码代码如下:
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh
#!/bin/bash
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.  Current count is : 3
[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s  3
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh
#!/bin/bash
id=1
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh
Current count is : 1

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