[0181]《语言学导论》
第1批作业
[单选题]When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a _____ function. 
A:expressive
B:evocative
C:performative
D:phatic
参考答案：D
[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure. 
参考答案：错误
[单选题]_____ is the study of meaning in language. 
A:Syntax
B:Applied linguistics
C:Morphology
D:Semantics
参考答案：D
[单选题]By _____, we mean language can refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. 
A:cultural transmission
B: interchangeability
C:displacement
D:creativity
参考答案：C
[单选题]Which of the following statements is FALSE: 
A:Language is just for communication.
B:Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world.
C: Language is a sign system.
D:Language is arbitrary and conventional.
参考答案：A
[单选题]Of the following sounds, ______ is a rounded vowel. 
A:[au]
B: [u:]
C:[ju:]
D:[e]
参考答案：B
[单选题]There are ______ morphemes in the word "policemen". 
A: two
B:three
C:four
D:five
参考答案：B
[单选题]The syllabic structure of the word "children" is ______. 
A:CVCCVC
B:CCVCCCVC
C:CCVCCVC
D:CVVCCVC
参考答案：A
[单选题]_____ are produced when the nasal passage is opened by lowering the soft palate ant the back of the throat and the air is allowed to pass through it. 
A:Semi-vowels
B:Affricates
C:Nasals
D:Glides
参考答案：C
[单选题]_____ studies the changes in language and language use with respect to social factors. 
A:Sociolinguistics
B:Comparative linguistics
C:Syntax
D:Computational linguistics
参考答案：A
[单选题]A ______ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added. 
A:root
B:free morpheme
C:stem
D:suffix
参考答案：C
[单选题]Which one of the following statements does not account for the primacy of speech over writing in linguistic analysis? _______ 
A:Speech existed long before writing systems came into being.
B:Speech is more complex than writing.
C:Genetically children learn to speak before learning to write.
D: Written forms just represent in this way or that the speech sounds.
参考答案：B
[单选题]Foreign language learners' errors may be caused by ________. 
A:borrowing patterns from the mother tongue
B:extending patterns form the target language, e.g. by analogy
C:expressing meanings using the words and grammar which are already known
D:all the above three
参考答案：D
[单选题]Language serves the ________ function when it is used to express the speaker's feeling or attitude or to arouse a certain feeling or attitude in the hearer. 
replaceable
A: phatic
B:informative
C:emotive
D:directive
参考答案：C
[单选题]Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 
A：False
B：True
参考答案：B
[判断题]Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. 
参考答案：错误
[单选题]If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be ______. 
A：prescriptive
B：analytic
C：descriptive
D：linguistic
参考答案：C
[单选题]Modern linguistics regards the written language as _____. 
A：primary
B：better
C：secondary
D：unchangeable
参考答案：C
[单选题]Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _____ and meanings. 
A：sense
B：sounds
C：objects
D：ideas
参考答案：B
[单选题]Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? 
A：Arbitrariness
B：Displacement
C：Duality
D：Meaningfulness
参考答案：D
[判断题]A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 
参考答案：错误
[判断题]Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar. 
参考答案：正确
[单选题]The branch of linguistic study called _____ is concerned with how speakers use the sentences of a language to achieve effective and successful communication. 
A:sociolinguistics
B:pragmatics
C:syntax
D:computational linguistics
参考答案：B
第2批作业
[判断题]A person's social backgrounds do not exert a shaping influence on his choice of linguistic features. 
参考答案：错误
[判断题]Componential analysis is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. 
参考答案：正确
[判断题]The standard language is a better language than nonstandard languages. 
参考答案：错误
[判断题]Derivation refers to the process by which new words are formed by the addition of affixes to the roots, stems, or words. 
参考答案：正确
[判断题]Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent. 

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