第02讲    阅读理解之推理判断题-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略
【题型概述】
推理判断题是高考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一,它属于主观题,是阅读理解中层次较高的题目,因此也是考生失分率较高的题型。学生需要在理解原文字面意义的基础上。通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判断和推理,从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义。
推理判断题不仅要推理,还要选择判断出正确选项,排除掉干扰选项。这是考查的重点，也是解推理判断题的关键。
【增分策略】
推理判断题的设题方式
1.对文章的观点或结论进行推测
(1 ) From the passage we can learn that        .
(2)Which of the following can be inferred?
(3) From the passage we can draw a conclusion that        .
2.对作者的意图、观点、态度进行推测
( 1 ) What is the author's attitude towards the experts mentioned in the passage?
(2)Which of the following best describes Turin's work?
3.对文章隐含的意义进行推测
(1 )The author implies      .
( 2 ) What do you think would happen after      .
(3)This event probably took place in        .
4.对文章的出处进行推测
replaceable
(1)This passage can be found in      .
(2)This passage would be likely taken from        .
【提升能力】
一、细节推断题
抓住某一段话中的关键信息,即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断,结合上下文或前后句推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。在推断中,我们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实,然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断,从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
【例】 （2021年·新高考全国I卷）Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
    “A lot of skills are needed for the job. Yo u have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the
right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
    Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
    But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
    25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring.                B. Well-paid.            C. Demanding.            D. Dangerous.
第一步 题干关键词: describes Titterton's job on stage
第二步 原文定位点: Tittertonsjob第一次出现在原文第二段。第三、四段是对第二段的补充说明。
第三步 分析得答案: 根据第三段中的Alotof skills are needed for the job 和第四段中的 Being a page turner requires plentyofpractice可知,乐谱翻页这份工作需要很多技能，也需要大量的练习。由此可判断出,提特顿作为乐谱翻页者,这项工作是“难度大的，要求高的”。A项“单调泛味的”和B项“工资高的”,从文章中不到相关的依据；D项“危险的”与第五段中的 there are moments when things gowrong不相符,表演中也有出错的时候,但并不能得出它是“危险的”。故选C项。
二、推测文章的观点或结论
在推测观点时,要对表露作者思想倾向和感情彩的词语特别敏感。有时这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点,而可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点,仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。文章的结论通常在尾段出现。有时也会出现开头给出观点,后文对其演绎的行文方式。
【例】(2020年·全国卷III) We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
32．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.    B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin.    D．Significance of food selection.
第一步 题干关键词: what,the author,the example, Paragraph 1
第二步 原文定位点:第一段
第三步 分析得答案: 根据As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因),they are finding ex
amples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.可知:例子是为了进一步说明研究者在深入地研究我们的基因，发现了过去几千年人类进化的现象。故选B。
【刷名校真题】
语法填空练习
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.
People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things. The pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weathe
r. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend（hurt）many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.

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