一、政治报道词汇
 
外交部发言人 Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman
正义行动 rightful action
解决争端 resolve/solve/tackle/cope with disputes
有关各方 all the parties concerned/all sides
持。。。观点 hold the position/stance
国际社会 international community
有益于 be conducive to
缓解紧张局势 alleviate the tension of
主席(政协) chair-man of
小康社会 a well-off society 前期
a better-off society 中期
a moderately prosperous society 如今
曾经将现阶段小康社会翻译成affluent society,但是affluent程度太富,不符合中国国情
重大问题 major concerns
附属会议 session
机构 body
作报告 deliever a
十二五计划 the twelfth Five Year Plan
民主党派 non-communist parties
无党人士 people without party affiliation
在平等的基础上 on equal footing
各行各业 all works of lives
 
 
二、中国特词汇,中国风词汇
常出现于中级口译考试中的汉译英部分,尤其是四字格类型
 
贵族学校 exclusive school
视觉污染 visual disgrace
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built project
电视相亲 speed dating
老好人 how-do-you-do's / yes man
居家好男人 apron papa
老夫少妻 spring-winter marriage
窝里斗 in-fighting
内鬼 inside man
水货 smuggled goods
伪娘 1(梅兰芳,李玉刚型)cross dresser
2(伪娘刘著型)drag queen
减排 emission reduction
廉租房 low-rent housing
可替代能源 replaceable/alternative energy
专卖店 exclusive shop
万事通 Mr.know-all
征婚广告 lonely hearts
肇事逃逸 hit-and-run
胎记 birth mark
贩卖人口 child-trafficking
内讧 inside work
盗版 pirate-(book,disc etc)
山寨 counterfeit
仿冒 fake
劣货 shoddy goods
房地产 property market
房价 housing price
房产开发 housing development
搬迁户 relocated family
钉子户 nail household
固定车位 reserved parking
跳楼甩卖 end-of-world sale
明星代言 celebrity endorsement
粗放型增长 extensive growth
劳动密集型 labor intensive industry
打黑 gang crackdown
捂盘惜售 property boarding
扩大内需 expand domestic demand
基层民主 grass-roots democracy
和谐共赢 all-win harmony
舆论监督 supervision by public opinion
廉政 a clean and honest administration
得寸进尺 give him an inch and he'll take a mile
说曹操曹操到 talk of the devil and he is sure to appear
 
 
三、英语词语对比
 
crowd:
mob:一暴民
 
childish:幼稚的
childlike:可爱的
 
steadfast:坚定的
obstinate:冥顽不化的
 
statesman:政治家
politician:政客
 
eagle:鹰,敏捷勇敢的象征
hawk:鹰,a symbol of cruelty
 
prestigious:有声望的,如名校:presigious school
notorious:臭名昭著的,如凤
 
peasant:无产阶级农民(素质低下,贫贱)
farmer:农民(中性,作为一种职业或农场主)
 
living-room:(有吃有喝有住的)起居室
parlor:(会客的)客厅
 
perspiration:汗水
inspiration:激情
aspiration:灵感
 
 
四、英汉文化差异
 
owl:智慧的象征
goat:好的象征
magpie:八卦者的象征
 
其他各种动物象征:
as busy as bee
as fair as lily
as quick as a flash
as easy as winking
as happy as a king
as melancholy as a cat
as mild as a dove
as white as ashes
as weak as water
as stupid as a goose
 
1、主语变化:
 
我能占用你几分钟吗?
could you spare me a few minutes:?
 
你听懂了吗?
Have I made it clear?
 
你闭嘴吧!
that's all I want to hear.
 
我怎么解释,你都不懂
I wish I could bring you to see my point.
 
 
2、悲观和乐观:
 
学生还没来齐。
students are still coming.
 
不好意思让你久等了,一路上很辛苦吧
I am sorry to keep you wait so long,I hope it is a nice trip.
 
 
五、句子翻译
 
1、注意时态
 
in secret we met,in silence I grieve
曾经我们秘密相会,如今剩我默默悲伤
 
2、注意词语大写时含有特殊含义
 
We all believed that He would come to my rescue
我们坚信上帝会来救我的
 
Where is the Book?
圣经在哪?
 
3、名词修饰名词时,词语含义有变化
 
The boy is a love child.
这男孩是个大骗子
 
He is a confidence man.
他是一个私生子
 
He is a medicine man.
他是个药贩子
 
4、不符合一般语法规律时,往往有特殊含义
 
The woman walks street
这女人是()
 
A group of farmers are talking horse under that tree
一农民在那个树下吹牛
 
Mr. Smith is wearing well
史密斯先生保养的很好
 
5、名词单复数的特殊含义
 
The old man bought some salts
老人买了些泻药
 
My mother has gray hairs
我妈妈白头发很少
 
6、冠词与定冠词的特殊意义
 
My anut had to keep the house
我姑妈不得不守在家里
My anut had to keep house
我姑妈不得不持家
 
The woman is with a child
这女士旁边有个小孩
The woman is with child
这女士怀孕了
 
The man is in the green
replaceable这男人真嫩(fresh man
The man is in green
这男人穿绿衣服
 
 
六、小结
 
英语重形合,汉语重意合
英语重心在前,汉语重心在后
英语重物称,汉语重人称
英语多主语句,汉语多主题句
英语多长句,汉语多简单句
英语重后修饰语,汉语重前修饰语
汉语语法成隐性,英语语法成显性

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