VAL-TEX BALL VALVE MAINTENANCE
TRAINING SEMINAR
VAL-TEX球阀维护训练课程
PURPOSE 目的
TO OUTLINE SOME BASIC PROCEDURES AND PROVIDE A WORKING
KNOWLEDGE FOR THE PROPER MAINTENANCE OF BALL VALVES
给出球阀维护维修的基本程序和工作知识
REQUIRED VALVE MAINTENANCE阀门的维修要求
ASME GUIDE FOR
GAS TRANSMISSION PIPING SYSTEMS - 1992
192.745 FEDERAL STANDARD
美国机械工程师协会对气体输送管线的指导-1992 192.745 联邦标准
-VALVE MAINTENANCE: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS.  Each transmission line valve that might be required during any emergency must be inspected and partially operated at intervals not exceeding 15 months but at least once each calendar year.
- 阀门维修：输送系统。每个应急的输气管线阀门必须在不超过间隔15个月时间里进行检验和部分操作，并且每日历年至少一次。
ASME GUIDE FOR
GAS DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS - 1992
192.747 FEDERAL STANDARD
美国机械工程师协会对分输管线系统的指导-1992 192.747 联邦标准
-VALVE MAINTENANCE: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.  Each valve, the use of which may be necessary for the safe operation of a distribution system, must be checked and service
d at intervals not exceeding 15 months but at least once each calendar year.
-阀门维修：输送系统。每个用于安全运行的分输系统阀门必须在不超过间隔15个月时间里进行检验，并且每日历年至少一次。
Features most ball valves have in common:
大多数球阀共有的特点
1.  Trunnion mounted balls 固定式阀球
2.  Spring loaded floating seats 弹簧预紧浮动式阀座
3.  Upstream sealing 上游密封
4.  Body block and bleed 阀体关断和排放功能
5.  Secondary sealant injection ports 二级密封之注入口
Some special features found in certain ball valves:
某些球阀的特殊特点
1.  Top entry 顶装式
2.  End Entry  侧装式
3.  Replaceable/Repairable Seats  可更换/可维修阀座
5.  Indexing Seat Rings:  Many Cameron ball valves have a unique feature – Indexing Seat Rings.  They may not be available in all sizes of the newer Cameron ball valves, but many of your older Cameron ball valves will have them.
旋转阀座：大多数卡麦隆球阀具有独有的旋转阀座。这或许不适用于所有尺寸的最近的卡麦隆球阀，但大多数老的卡麦隆球阀均有。
VERY IMPORTANT!非常重要
Most of the procedures that we will discuss will apply to all ball valves.
Please consider the following comments as suggestions.  If our procedures or recommen
dations are contrary to your company policies, we suggest you discuss these differences with your supervisor or manager to determine which valve maintenance procedures you should follow.  We have done everything possible to avoid such a conflict, but we firmly feel that your company policies come first.
我们所讨论的大多数程序适用于所有球阀。请以下的意见作为建议。如果我们的程序或推荐与您公司的政策相背，我们建议您与您的主管或经理讨论这些偏差一决定您应该遵循哪个程序。我们尽可能的避免这种情况的发生，但我们认为您公司的政策应优先。
Let’s look at the following three common ball valve problems and consider possible solutions.
让我们看看下列的三中常见的球阀问题并考虑可能的解决方案
1.    Hard to operate or inoperable valves 操作困难或无法操作阀门
2.    Stem leakage 阀杆泄漏
3.    Seat leakage 阀座泄漏
Hard to Operate or Inoperable Valves - External Causes
外部原因引起的操作困难或无法操作
When you have a ball valve problem, you should always start working at the top of the valve and work to the bottom.  There are definite areas you should check including the operator and the alignment of the ball before you assume that the seats are leaking.  In order to do this we must:
当你有阀门问题时，你应该首先从阀门的顶部和底部开始解决。有一些固定的区域你应该检查，包括执行器和在你假设阀座泄漏前检查球的角度。为了这样做，我们必须：
1.  Determine the Operator Type, is it: 确定执行器的类型
      A.    Manually operated 手动操作
      B.    Gear operated 齿轮箱操作
      C.    Power actuated by: 动力执行器
1.  Electric current 电动
2.  Supplied air 气动
3.  Hydraulic fluid 液动
4.  Any combination of the above 以上的任何一种组合
A.Manually operated ball valves: 手动操作的球阀
As a rule, if there are any external obstructions that may be interfering with the operation of the valve they will be visible and must be corrected or removed.  If the valve remains hard to operate or is inoperable after these corrective actions have been taken, we must assume that it is due to an internal problem.
作为一个原则，如果有任何外部的影响阀门操作的障碍，这种障碍应是可见的，必须排除。如果阀门仍然难于操作或无法操作，我们必须假设故障由内部问题引起。
B.Gear operated ball valves:  齿轮箱操作球阀
1.Inspect all internal parts of the gear operator for damage to:检查所有齿轮操作器内部部件确认是否损坏了：
a.  Bearings 轴承
b.  Gear teeth 齿轮齿
c.  Shear pins  安全销
2.Check to see that the gear is properly lubricated and that all metal-to-metal contact points are thoroughly coated with grease.
检查齿轮箱看是否润滑良好，所有金属对金属的接触是否完全涂上润滑脂。
3.replaceableThe grease used in these areas is normally petroleum based and is subject to water contamination.  During cold weather conditions this water can cause icing in the operator, rendering the valve inoperable.  If this occurs, disassemble the gear housing and remove all ice, water and contaminated grease.  Repack these areas with fresh grease.  If extremely cold conditions are anticipated, you may want to select a low temperature grea
se such as a glycol-based grease.
用于这些地方的润滑脂通常为石油基的，会被水污染。在寒冷天气，这些水可引起操作器结冰，使阀门无法操作。如果出现这种情况，拆开齿轮箱去除所有的冰，水和受污染的润滑脂。重新涂上新的润滑脂。如果特别季节特别寒冷，你可能需要低温润滑脂如：乙醇基的润滑脂。

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