Free morpheme: A morpheme that stand alone
·bound morpheme: A morpheme that occurs with least one other morpheme
affixes: Affixes are forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function.understandable
Allomorph:  The Allomorph are realized by than one morph according to their position in a word.
Stem: Stem can be difined as a form to witch affixes of any kind can be added.
What are the differences between root and stem?
1 A root is the basic form of witch cannot be further analysed without total loss of identity. The root whether free or bound generally carries the main component of meaning in a word.
2 A stem may consist of single root morpheme as in iron or of two root morphemes as in a c
ompound like “handcuff”. It can be a root morpheme plus one or more affixational morphemes as in “mouthful”. Therefore,  a stem can be defined as a form to witch affixes of any kind can be added.
(1) biending : the foemation of  new words by combining  parts of two words or a word plus a part  of ano ther word.
(2) Adjective suffix :the suffix that is added to the stem, whatever class it belongs to ,the result will be an adjective.
(3) Backformation : the  method of  creating  words  by removing the supposed suffixes .
(4) Acronymy : the process of foreming  new words  by joining the initial  letters of names of  social  and political  organizations or  special  noun  phrases  and technical  terms .
(5) Clipping : to shorten  a  longer  word by cutting  a  part  off  the original  and  using  what  remains .
(6) Initialism :  word  formed  form initial  letters but  pronounced  letter  by  letter .
(7) Conversion :the  formation  of  new  words by  converting  words  of  one  class  to  another class.   
1 How do you distinguish  compounds form free  phrases ? Give  examples  to  support  your  point .:  1: we  have  three  major  criteria  to  follow  in  disting uishing  compounds  form  free  phrases . (1) Phonological  criterion---stress pattern . In  a  compound,the  stress  occurs  on  the  second  on  element ,
解释
(1) concept:  Concept ,which  is beyond  lanuagf  is the  result of  human  cognition,reflecting  the  objective  word  in  the  human  mind  .It  has  many  referring  expressions .
(2) morphological: Accounts  for  the connection  between  the  meaning  of  the  word  and  the  meaning  of  each  morpheme  in  the  word  .the  meanings  of  many  words  are  and  sum  total  of  the  morphemes  combined .
(3) motivation:  Motivation  accounts  for  the  connection  between  the linguistic  symbol  and  its  meaning .
(4) onomatopoetic: The  words  were  created  by  imitating  the  natural  sounds  or  noises .
(5) affective meaning:  Affective  meaning  indicates  the  speaker  s attitude  towards  the  person  or  thing  in  question .
(6) connotative meaning : Connotative  meaning  refers to  the  overtones  or  associations  suggested  by  the  conceptual  meaning .
Answer  the  questions
(1) what  is  this  ?
                It  is  the  relationship  between  language  and  the  world.
                It  is  arbitrary  and  conventional .
                It  is  kind  of  abstraction ,but  with the  heap  of  context , it  can  refer  to  something  specific .
(2) Apart  form  their  conceptual  meanings  ,many  words  have  stylistic  features ,which  make  them  appropriate  for  different  contexts .These  distinctive  features  form  stylistic  meaning  of  words .In  some  dictionaries ,shese  stylistic  features  are clearly  marked  as “ formal “,  “informal “ , “ literary “, “archaic “ , “slang “ and  so  on  .this  stylistic  difference  is  especially  true  of  synonyms . It  is  observed  that  there  are  few  words  which  have  both  the  same  conceptual  meaning  and  the  stylistic  meaning .
(3) No .Because  motivation  accounts  for  the  connection  between  the  linguistic  symbols  and  their  meaning . But  since  the  relationship  between  the  word—form  and  meaning  is  conventional  and  aebitrary  ,words  should  be  non—mo—tivated .Nevertheless ,many  words  are  motivated  to  a  certain  exten  in  terms  of  sound , morphology , semantics ,  and  etymology .
解释
  (1):  ploysemy: Words  that  have  two  or  more  than  two  senses .
  (2)  rediation: A semantic process  in  which  the  primary meaning  stands  at  the  center  and  the  secondary  meanings  process  out  of  init  in  every  direction  like  rays.
  (3)  homonymy: Words  different  in  meaning  but  eirher  identical  both  in  sound  and  spelling  or  identical  only  in  sound  or  spelling  .
  (4)  absolute synonyms: Absolute  synonyms  also  known  as  complete  synonyms  are  words  which  are  identical  in  meaning  in  all  its  aspects , i.e. both  in  grammatical  meaning  and  lexical  meaning  .

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