2003年
TEXT 1
41.The emergence of the Net has ________.
[A] received support from fans like Donovan
[B] remolded the intelligence services
[C] restored many common pastimes
[D] revived spying as a profession
understandable解释与说明:④These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.
42.Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to ________.
[A] introduce the topic of online spying
[B] show how he fought for the U.S.
[C] give an episode of the information war
[D] honor his unique services to the CIA
解释与说明:①Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. ②The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. ③Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage — spying a s a “profession.”
43.The phrase “making the biggest splash” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.
[A] causing the biggest trouble
[B] exerting the greatest effort
[C]achieving the greatest success
[D] enjoying the widest popularity
解释与说明:①Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a privat
e intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.② Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying(covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International.
44.It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that ________.
*A+ Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true
[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information
*C+ Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability
[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information
解释与说明:④“And we’ll hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep.
45.Straitford is most proud of its ________.
[A] official status
[B] nonconformist image
[C] efficient staff
[D] military background
解释与说明:④Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.⑤ Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.
TEXT 2
46.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to ________.
[A]call on scientists to take some actions
[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research
[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement
解释与说明:③Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.
47.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ________.
[A] cruel but natural
[B]inhuman and unacceptable
[C] inevitable but vicious
[D] pointless and wasteful
解释与说明:⑤Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s ________.
[A] discontent with animal research
[B] ignorance about medical science
[C] indifference to epidemics
[D] anxiety about animal rights
解释与说明:
④Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.
49.The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________.
[A] communicate more with the public
[B] employ hi-tech means in research
[C] feel no shame for their cause
[D] strive to develop new cures
解释与说明:Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way — in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology.
50.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________.
[A] a well-known humanist
[B] a medical practitioner
[C] an enthusiast in animal rights
[D] a supporter of animal research
解释与说明:④Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment.
TEXT 3
51.According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because ________.
[A] cost reduction is based on competition
[B] services call for cross-trade coordination
[C] outside competitors will continue to exist
[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat
解释与说明:①Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. ②Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks.
52.What is many captive shippers’ attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry__________?
[A] Indifferent. [B] Supportive.
[C] Indignant. [D] Apprehensive
解释与说明:①Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases.
53.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.
[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad
[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide
[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief
[D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business
解释与说明:Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface T ransportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.
54.The word “arbiters” (Line 7, Paragraph 4) most probably refers to those ________.
[A] who work as coordinators
[B] who function as judges
[C] who supervise transactions
[D] who determine the price
解释与说明:It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe,but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail
55.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by ________.
[A] the continuing acquisition
[B] the growing traffic
[C] the cheering Wall Street
[D] the shrinking market
解释与说明:Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on.
TEXT 4
56.What is implied in the first sentence__________?
[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.
[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.
[C] Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.
[D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.
解释与说明:It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.
57.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that ________.
[A] medical resources are often wasted
[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases
[C] some treatments are too aggressive
[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable
解释与说明:Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless.
58.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of ________.
[A] strong disapproval
[B] reserved consent
[C] slight contempt
[D] enthusiastic support
解释与说明:①I would not go that far.
59.In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care ________.
[A] more flexibly
[B] more extravagantly
[C] more cautiously
[D]more reasonably
解释与说明:I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have.
60.The text intends to express the idea that ________.
*A+ medicine will further prolong people’s lives
[B] life beyond a certain limit is not worth living
[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life
[D] excessive demands increase the cost of health care
解释与说明:Death is normal

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