2019No.2
MH MP MOT MT"w a r"M M ilT T iiti i inril i TW'WFMIT1nWFfWUffET fW帕I W TI MMII I U■■*・U f lu・"M»ns«K»m—w«ww*a—«a—w—aaM Mi—w”—'—r・"wamw g■—M iWT—r1«MM|HW!*W»I・1 Rebuilding and Integration of Rural Governance System
Based on the Combination of Self-governance,
Rule of Law and Rule of Virtue
HUANG Junlu
School of M arxism,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan,611756
Abstract:The proposal that"the rural governance system based on the combination of self-govemance,rule of law and rule of virtue should be completed"was put forward in the report of the19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.There are many challenges for the development and difficulties for the governance of rural social transformation in the new era,so"the combination of sei匸governance,rule of law and rule of virtue"is realistically essential,having the objective inevitability and practical possibility.The fundamental and central role of the villagers'self-governance should be bro
ught into full play to construct"the rural governance system based on the combination of self-govemance,rule of law and rule of v irtue"under the guidance of the spirit of the19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,by taking the rule of law as the legal assurance and rule of virtue as the social affection support,managing to complete and optimize the rural governance system,realize the good and right governance in the rural society,boost the modernization construction process of the national governance ability,and realize the great objective of comprehensive rural vitalization of the"stability of the rural areas,development of t he agriculture and happiness of t he farmers".
Keywords:self-governance;rule oflaw;rule of virtue;rural governance system;rural vitalization
Village is the most basic governance unit in China."The Villages are governed well,then the people's life can be secured". The proposal that"the basic work of rural grass-roots units should be strengthened and the rural governance system based on the combination of self-govemance,rule of law and rule of virtue should be completed"was put forward in the report of the19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.It is for the first time that the rural governance work has been taken as an important topic in the Communist Party*s major report.The construction of the rural governance system of"self-governance, rule of law and rule of virtue"is not only an important content
of promoting the construction of democracy and rule of law at the grass-roots level under the background of overall rule of law in China,but also a realistic challenge for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era and the essential requirement of the rural revitalization strategy.It is also an important manifestation of completing the national governance system and modernization of governance capacity.governance
1.The Objective Necessity of Constructing Rural Governance System Combining Self-governance,Rule of Law with Rule
of Virtue
From the perspective of time and space,the development and changes in economic society brought by the reform and opening policy in China for40years make the social governance of rural grass-roots in China face enormous challenges.It is of objective necessity to further deepen and improve the rural governance system.
(1) It is analyzed that with the promotion of urbanization construction,and the increase of population mobility,production and living fields of villagers become vaster,and rural development is contradicted with its governance.Firstly,the frequent flow of population and the hollowing of rural areas lead to the
weakness of villagers'self-govemance.According to the'*Survey Report of Migrant Rural Workers in2016"issued by National Bureau of Statistics,the total number of migrant rural workers reached281. 71million in2016,an increase of4.24million over2015, accounting for20.49%of the total population of the country and 46.68%of the total rural population.Secondly,the differentiation of rural social strata leads to the diversification of villagers'interest demands.With the rapid development of urbanization,the early single farmer group has been divided into general agricultural practitioners,migrant rural workers,individual businessmen, private entrepreneurs,rural intellectuals and poor people.Different groups and strata have different qualities.Individual demands are differentiated.A single and unchanged way of governance can no longer meet the actual needs of rural social governance in the new situation.Thirdly,in the name of villagers'self-govemance,rural clans and family forces challenge rural governance.Traditionally, Chinese rural society is a society of acquaintances and semi-acquaintances.Mostly families of several surnames live together in a village.For the self-govemance in rural grass-roots level,especially in the election of the two committees of the village,a small number of people with strong financial resources or people from large clans of people wait for opportunities to manipulate and interfere with the election of the two committees of the village.Fourthly,"political elite"and"economic elite"compete for rural governance.On the one hand,the older generation of Communist Party branch secretaries and produ
ction team leaders in the village cultivated in the traditional governance mode have high political consciousness and rich experience in grassroots governance.These grassroots"political elites"have a good mass base.Their inherent influence and authority in local society have not been diminished objectively,and they are still reluctant to give up their desire for rural governance subjectively.
(2)
In the complex and changeable development situation,it is difficult to deal with the difficulties and main points faced by the current rural governance with traditional and single governance mode.It is imperative to construct rural governance system
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