二十九　选修6　Unit 4　Global warming
(限时60分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
  On Aug. 13, 2018,  four Chinese irrigation (灌溉) sites won global recognition and were added to the 2018 list of Heritage Irrigation Structures. Let’s look at these amazing sites.
Dujiangyan
  Dujiangyan is the oldest and only surviving dam-less irrigation system in the world. More than 2, 000 years ago,  Chengdu was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River. Li Bing,  a local official,  studied the situation and designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system,  which could control the water flow from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain throughout the year.
  The Dujiangyan irrigation system has created harmony between man,  earth and water. It is the last remaining ecological project of its kind.
Changqu Canal
  Changqu Canal is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province. It is 48 km long in total and was originally used to transport soldiers. It was later used for irrigation—in fact,  it is still used to provide water to more than 20 square km of farmland.
  “The recognition of irrigation heritage is intended to help us better use ancient irrigation projects that are still functioning and preserve our precious historical and cultural heritage, ” says a notice on the official website of the Hubei provincial government.
Lingqu Canal
  Lingqu Canal is located in Xing’an county,  Guilin,  Guangxi province. As the oldest canal in the world,  it has been described as “another wonder of the world”. The design of the canal is unique. “It magically shows the ease of transportation along the north and so
uth waterways, ” according to the Travel China Guide.
Jiang-Xi Dam
  The Jiang-Xi Dam in Zhejiang province actually consists of two dams—the Jiang and Xi dams. Built in the 14th century,  it improved life for local people for centuries. “It not only plays an important role in irrigation,  but also responds to environmental governance, ” said Ding Kunlun,  vice chairman of International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的四个灌溉工程获得了世界的认可, 并入选2018年世界灌溉工程遗产名录。这四个水利工程分别是四川成都的都江堰、湖北襄阳的长渠(白起渠)、广西桂林兴安县的灵渠、浙江龙游的姜席堰。
1. What do we know about Dujiangyan?
A. It has no dam and has existed for over 2, 000 years.
B. Li Bing was tasked to design it as a local official.
governance
C. It could control the Minjiang River most of the time in a year.
D. After it was built Chengdu was never threatened by flood.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。 根据Dujiangyan部分“Dujiangyan is the oldest and only surviving dam-less irrigation system in the world. More than 2, 000 years ago,  Chengdu was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River. Li Bing,  a local official,  studied the situation and designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system(都江堰是世界上最古老也是唯一幸存的无坝灌溉系统。2 000多年前, 成都曾受到岷江频繁洪水的威胁。当地官员李冰研究了情况, 设计了都江堰的灌溉系统) ”中“dam-less irrigation system”和“More than 2, 000 years ago”可知, 都江堰没有水坝, 已经存在了2 000多年。故选A。
2. What was the use of Changqu Canal at first?
A. Military purpose. 　             B. Water supply.
C. Farmland irrigation.              D. The ease of transportation.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Changqu Canal部分“It is 48 km long in total and was originally used to transport soldiers. (它全长48千米, 最初是用来运送士兵的)”可知, Changqu Canal最初是用来运送士兵的, 因此是用于军事目的。故选A。
3. Which of the following has an influence on the ecological environment according to the passage?
A. Dujiangyan and Changqu Canal.
B. Dujiangyan and Jiang-Xi Dam.
C. Changqu Canal and Jiang-Xi Dam.
D. Dujiangyan and Lingqu Canal.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Dujiangyan部分“The Dujiangyan irrigation system has created harmony between man,  earth and water. It is the last remaining ecological project of its kind. (都江堰灌溉系统创造了人、地、水的和谐。这是同类生态工程中仅存的
最后一个)”和Jiang-Xi Dam部分“It not only plays an important role in irrigation,  but also responds to environmental governance” 可知, Dujiangyan和Jiang-Xi Dam两个水利工程对生态环境有影响。故选B项。
B
  In the old days,  when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment,  it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact(影响)on the environment. After all,  you were jumping into your car,  driving across town,  coughing out emissions(产生排放)and using gas all the way. But now that we’re used to staying at home and streaming movies,  we might get a little proud. After all,  we’re just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You’re welcome. Mother Nature.
  Not so fast,  says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to “Climate Crisis:  The Unsustainable Use of Online Video”,  digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions,  and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emis
sions. That’s like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union,  the Eureca project found that data centers (where videos are stored) there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier.

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