定语从句与非谓语
一、定语从句与分词
1、主从句的谓语同为现在时间
(一)、主从句的谓语动词的动作都是现在的一般的动作，即为一般现在时态。
例：1
China is a developing country which belongs to the third world.
China is a developing country belonging to the third world.
China, belonging to the third world, is a developing country.
China which is a developing
例：2
They live in a room that faces the south.
They live in a room facing the south.
例：3
Books which are written in English are more expensive.
Books written in English are more expensive.
(二)、主从句的时间都表示现在，但主句的谓语表示一般状态，而从句的谓语表示现在进行的动作。
例：1
Do you know the boy who is playing the violin?
Do you know the boy playing the violin? Doing： 主动，进行
例：2
The car that is being repaired is mine.
The car being repaired is mine.  Doing ---being done
2、主从句的谓语同为过去时间。
例：1
He used to live in the house which faced south.
He used to live tin the house facing south.
3、在某些情况下，尽管主句与从句谓语的时间不一致，但在不影响句子意思表达的情况下，可以把定语从句简化为分词短语。
例：1
The girl who is playing basketball used to be very weak.
The girl playing basketball used to be very weak.
例：2
The car that was repaired yesterday by him is mine.
The car repaired yesterday by him is mine.
二、定语从句与不定式
例：1  to do做定语    the only, the very 修饰名词  形容词最高级修饰名词  序数词修饰名词
(1) You are the only one that can understand me.
(2) You are the only one to understand me.
例：2
(3) The next train that arrives is from New York.
The next train to arrive is from New York.
(4) The next train to arrive is from New York.
    例：
The carflowing的意思 that will be bought is for his sister.
The problem which is being discussed is of great importance. 
The problem being discussed
Be +形容词=be of great+名词
（1）The car to be bought is for his sister
本节练习：
一、把下列定语从句简化为短语。
1. The train that is approaching the station is from Shanghai.
2. The woman who lives next door is very friendly.
3. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
4. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
5. Our school has a library which was built in 1900.
6. The car which caused the accident drove off.
7. We lived in an apartment that overlooked the sea. 
8. Oceans continually lose by evaporation much of the river water that is constantly flowing into them.
9. Tornadoes(龙卷风)occur most often in the spring when hot winds that rise over flat land encounter heavy, cold air.
10. I don't think he is the best man that can do the job.
11. He thought that it might not be the best time that he should ask his boss for a raise.
12. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.
13. Clint was the only person that survived the air crash.
14. He was the last man that left the sinking ship.
15. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
16. The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries.
17. The conclusion which is presented in that book states that most of the automobiles which are produced by American industry have some defect.

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