专题09定语从句练习-备战2021高考高中英语语法专项突破训练（解析版）
英语定语从句练习
1."________disobey the law will be punished" he cried out.
A. Someone
B. Anyone
unableC. Whoever
D. Those who
【答案】D
【解析】句意：“那些犯法的人会受到惩罚，”他喊道。根据语境判断，本题的主语部分需由从句充当，A、B均不符合要求，可排除。whoever 引导名词性从句时，谓语动词必须是单数形式，与题干不符，故应排除C选项，所以答案为D。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及those做先行词的定语从句。
2.The small mountain village _________ we spent our holidays two years ago lies in Hubei.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. which
【答案】B
【解析】句意：两年前我们度假的那个小山村位于湖北。本句为定语从句修饰先行词village且先行词做从句中做地点状语，故用关系副词where。选B。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
3.The day will soon come_________ man will set foot on another planet.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. who
【答案】C
【解析】句意：人类将踏上另一个星球的那一天很快就会到来。本句为定语从句修饰先行词day且先行词在从句中做时间状语，用关系副词when。故选C。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
4.Do not talk about such things ________ you do not understand.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. where
【答案】C
【解析】句意：不要谈论你不懂的事情。such+名词+as+名词或从句，固定句式，as引导定语从句,代指先行词things,在定语从句中做understand的宾语。故选C。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的限制性定语从句。
5.It was at the school _______ was named after a hero ______ he spent his childhood.
A. which; that
B. where; where
C. that; where
D. which; where
【答案】A
【解析】句意：是在根据一个英雄命名的学校，他度过了他的童年。整体是一个强调句型，被强调部分为at the school，地点状语，school 在定语从句中作主语，先行词为物，关系代词用that或which；强调句型It was …that …为强调句型，判断强调句型是否成立，可以把it was … that 三个词去掉，看句子是否成立，此句成立，综合两者，故选A
总结：考查定语从句和强调句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句，掌握强调句型的结构。
6.It is said________ was all he said.
A. that; that; which
B. what; what; what
C. that; which; what
D. that; that; that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：据说他就是这么说的。分析题干可知，本题第一空为主语从句，此处关系词不作具体句子成分，故用that。第二空用指示代词that作主语从句中的主语。第三空引导定语从句修饰不定代词all，且在从句中作宾语，只能用that。综上，故选D。
总结：考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和that引导的限制性定语从句。
7.Many programmers criticized the "996 work schedule", ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the possibility of ending up in hospital.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：许多程序员批评“996工作计划”，即员工从早上9点工作到晚上9点，每周工作6天，最后可能会住院。本句为定语从句修饰先行词“996 work schedule”，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故选B。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
8.It was in the lab _____was built three years ago ______ the students made the experiment.
A. where; that
B. which; that
C. what; that
D. that; where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：学生们是在三年前建的实验室里做实验的。本句为强调句结构“it is+被强调的部分+that从句”。本句强调的是在学生完成实验的地点,也就是the lab which was built there years ago,故第二空应填that。第一空后was built there years ago为定语从句修饰先行词lab，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故应用关系代词which。综上，故选B。
总结：考查强调句与定语从句。注意分析句子成分，明确从句类型。
9.You'll find taxis waiting at the station you can hire to reach your host family.
A. where
B. which
C. by which
D. on which
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你会发现在车站有等侯的出租车，你可以坐出租车到寄宿家庭。 you can hire to reach your host family.是一个限制性定语
从句，先行词是taxis，关系代词which指代先行词在句中作动词hire 的宾语。故选B。
总结：考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句。
10.The reason ________ he explained was________ he was ill and unable to go to school.
A. why; that
B. why; because
C. which; because
D. which; that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他解释的原因是他生病了,因此不能去上学。________ he explained 是限制性定语从句，先行词the reason为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,指物,故引导词用which或者that；________ he was ill and unable to go to school.是表语从句,句子中不缺少句子成分,故用that做引导词，选D。
总结：考查定语从句和名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的表语从句。
11.Picasso was famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and ________ the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. why
【答案】C
【解析】句意：毕加索以他在立体派的作品而闻名，它经常使用锐角，在立体派画作中世界被呈现为由立方体和矩形构成。把先行词Cubism 带入到第二个定语从句，完整的定语从句是"In Cubism the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles"；In Cubism 在定语从句中做抽象的地点状语，使用关系副词where，故选C。

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