全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案
主编：李荫华
上海外语教育出版社
Unit 1
Part II Text A
lexf Organization
Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas
Part One Paras 1-2 Introduction — Both Napoleon's and Hitler's military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.
Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleon's military campaign against Russia
Part Three Paras 12-20 Hitler's military campaign against the Soviet Union
Part Four Para 21 Conclusion—the elements of nature must be rekoned with in any military campaign.
2.
Sections Paragraphs Main Ideas
Section One Paras 12-13 Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's scorched earth policy
Section Two Paras 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the war
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of
3) stroke 4) limp
5) minus 6) regions
7) declarations 8) siege
9) raw 10) bide his time
11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of
2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down
3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on
5) get by 6) dine out
7) have cut back 8) get through
3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.
2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike
3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.
4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.
5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.
4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.
2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.
3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During
this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.
II.More Synonyms in Context
1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.
2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.
3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.
4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.
III. Usage
1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.
2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.
3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work
4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.
5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.
6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A)
1. invasion 2. stand in the way
3. Conquest 4. off his guard
5. launching 6. declaration
7. campaign 8. drag on
9. reckon with 10. a halt
(B)
1. allow 2. reckoned
3. highly 4. forecasts
5. rapidly 6. instant
7. delivery 8. advantage
9. observing 10. Powerful
II. Translation
1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.
2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.
3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.
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