题型六　综合填空
题 型 特 点
  宜宾市的综合填空题是近几年兴起的新题型，它以阅读理解为基础。虽然其他省市也有类似的题型，但是宜宾市的该题型考查的更全面，不仅考查学生对英语词汇、语法、惯用法的理解和运用，并在此基础上，进一步考查学生对整篇文章的分析、判断和逻辑推理能力，是一种要求高、难度大、区分度高的题型。其主要形式是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地挖出一些空白，造成信息链中断，让学生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个空格做出尽可能合理的分析判断，给出最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意通顺，逻辑严密。这道题通常设置10个空，常考的形式主要有以下几种：1.根据所给出的单词，用其正确的形式填空；2.根据所给的首字母，写出单词的正确形式；3.根据上下文，在短文的空白处填出单词的正确形式；4.根据所给音标，写出正确的单词。预测2020年宜宾中考综合填空题可能会增加一种考查形式：根据所给出的汉语，写出对应的英文单词，并注意使用正确的形式。
解 题 策 略
做综合填空题时，通常先要弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能填写出正确的单词并选择正确的形式。具体可分为以下三步：
1．通览全文。通读全文，理顺题意，出信息词。这是做好综合填空题的关键，因为综合填空题的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们应该根据首句给出的提示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，快速读完全文，建立对文章的整体感觉。
2．仔细推敲，初定答案。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上着手答题。答题时要根据文章内容要求，结合文章的主题，综合运用所学的词汇、语法知识，对每个空进行认真分析，反复推敲，从而确定答案。可以从以下几个方面入手：
(1)根据上下文语境确定答案；
(2)根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案；
(3)用逻辑推理判断答案；
(4)根据词语用法确定答案；
(5)剖析结构，进行对比推理确定答案。
3．复读检查，消除漏洞。完成所有的空缺后，应再次通读全文，看行文是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复检时，可从语法入手检查时态，主谓一致，代词的性，名词的数、格及词的搭配是否正确。遇到疑点，应根据中心思想，从语义、语法上加以判断。
(2019宜宾中考)阅读下面短文，根据音标、单词、首字母和语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求意义准确、拼写正确。
Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. It lies on North Island 1.______ a population of a million people. This seaside city is considered as 2.______ important center for business and industry. It 3.______(be) also the most exciting city in New Zealand. It also has people of many different cultures 4.______(live) there.
Its history goes back over 650 years.5.______(Europe) settlement(定居) began in 1840 after the British's arrival. Auckland once became the 6.______/'kæpɪtl/ of New Zealand for
some time. 7.S______ 1945, Auckland has grown and it now has large modern suburbs.
Famous sights include Mt. Eden 8.______ Auckland Harbor Bridge. In the city，you can enjoy an 9.______(amaze) view from the Sky Tower, which is the city's tallest tower. You can also see many traditional 10.______ (dance) at the Auckland Museum.
【文章大意】文章介绍了新西兰最大的城市奥克兰的相关情况。
1．【解析】考查介词with的用法。with在这里表示伴随。句意：它位于北部岛屿，人口有100万。
【答案】with
2．【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：这个海滨城市被认为是一个重要的商业和工业中心。根据后面 important 可知用an。
【答案】an
3．【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：它也是新西兰最让人激动的城市。
【答案】is
4．【解析】考查分词。句意：许多具有不同文化背景的人也居住在此。根据句子结构和句意可知此处填入分词living作定语，修饰people。
【答案】living
5．【解析】考查形容词。句意：1840年英国人到达奥克兰之后，欧洲人开始了在此地的定居。由句意及句子结构可知用Europe的形容词形式修饰settlement。
【答案】European
6．【解析】考查根据音标写单词。句意：曾经有一段时间奥克兰曾作为新西兰的首都。
【答案】capital
7．【解析】考查介词。句意：自1945年开始，奥克兰不断发展，现在它有大面积的现代化市郊。根据首字母提示及句意可知填Since。
【答案】Since
8．【解析】考查连词。句意：著名景点包括伊甸山和奥克兰港湾大桥。连接两个并列的地点名词用and。
【答案】and
9．【解析】考查形容词。句意：在城里，在该市最高的塔——天空塔上，你可以欣赏到令人惊叹的景。此处修饰名词，所以应该用形容词形式amazing。
【答案】amazing
10．【解析】考查可数名词的复数。句意：在奥克兰博物馆你也可以看到许多传统的舞蹈。根据前面的修饰词many可知，后面应该填一个可数名词，并用其复数形式。
【答案】dances
实 战 演 练
A
Margaret always gives her friends 1.__cards__(card) on Christmas Day. She thinks it is a great way to tell each other how much she 2.__values__(value) their friendship.
Last week，Margaret went to several 3.__different__ /exit是什么意思英语'dɪfrənt/ stores looking for special cards for her friends.Margaret likes all the friends equally.She wanted to find a card for each friend that was personal，and she wanted the cards to also look sort of the same.Margaret 4.__spent__(spend) over an hour looking at cards，but she could not find the cards 5.__which/that__ were right.
Margaret had a great idea.She would make cards for each of her friends.But she wasn't sure how to make cards.She remembered 6.__hearing__(hear) somewhere about Christmas cards that were made 7.__by__ hand over a hundred years ago.She used the Internet to find out much about these cards.She made notes for all the 8.__materials__(材料) she would need and went back to the store to get them.
Margaret spent several hours working on the Christmas cards 9.__carefully__(careful). That night at dinner，Margaret showed her family the cards she had made for her friends.
Even her brother thought they were great，and he almost never thinks Margaret's ideas are great. So, Margaret 10.decided__ to make each of her parents a Christmas card and one for her brother，too.
B
Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, has saved people without any magic. His 1.__success__ /sək'ses / on hybrid rice(杂交水稻) fed millions of people in hunger.
Yuan  was born 2.__on__ September 7th，1930. After graduating from the then Southwest Agriculture Institute(农业学院), he worked as a teacher at an agriculture school in Hunan.
About 50 years ago, some natural disasters(灾难) hit China. Yuan saw many people 3.lost__ their lives because of hunger every day. Since then, he has done research on 4.__how__ to grow  rice of good quality. In 1964, he found a natural hybrid rice plant by accident. It had great advantages over others. Yuan was 5.__excited__(激动的) about what he discovered. He then decided to study this particular plant.
In 1973, he started to grow a type of hybrid rice. It  6. __produced__(produce) 20% more rice each unit 7.__than__ the common ones. The next year he had a great success. This progress made China the leader in rice production in the world. In China, most rice fields grow Yuan's hybrid rice. He was 8.__called__(call) the “Father of Hybrid Rice”．

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