语言学复习题
一．
Terminology
1. design features
2. pragmatics
3. synchronic linguistics
4. syntax
5. sense
6. illocutionary act
7. CP
8. linguistics
9. phonology
10.bound morpheme
11. reference
12. arbitrariness
13. descriptive linguistics vs. prescriptive linguistics
14. duality
15. langue and parole
16. suprasegmental features
17. manner of articulation
18.free morpheme
19. backformation
20. ultimate constituent
21.IC analysis
22. conversational implicaturecooperative
23. entailment
24. performative sentence
二． Questions and Answers.
1. What is the major difference between Saussure’s distinction of langue and parole and Chomsky’s distinction of competence and performance? What should be studies in linguistics in your opinion and why?
2.  Do you think Lisa observe or flout the maxims of the Cooperative Principle in the follo
wing dialogue? How does the observing or flouting of the maxims give rise to conversational implicatures? Support your argument with Cooperative Principle.
    John: Are you going to the movie tonight?
    Lisa: There is a math exam tomorrow.
3.. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “The mother of the boy and the girl arrived.” by means of Immediate constituent analysis (IC analysis).
4. How are semantics and pragmatics different from each other?
5. Explain the sentence “It is cold here.” in detail by using the locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.
6. What are the major design features of language? Please explain them with examples.
7.Exemplify the relationship between phone, phoneme and allophone.
8.Illustrate the difference between root and stem.
9.Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more beautiful flowers” by means of IC analysis.
10.Explain the relationship between CP and conversational implicature.

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