計量單位與換算公式  [回試算表]
常數與換算
地球赤道半徑=6378.39km
地球兩極半徑=6356.91km
地球旋轉角速度Ω=7.292×105s-1
重力 g45=980.616cms-2
太陽常數=1.96lymin-1
水分子量mw=18.016gkilogrammol-1
乾空氣氣體常數=2.8704×106ergg-1K-1
乾空氣平均分子量m=28.966g mol-1
乾空氣定壓比熱 cp=7R/2=0.240 calg-1K-1
乾空氣定容比熱 cv=5R/2=0.171 calg-1 K-1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant=8.132×10-11lyK-4 min-1
緯度平行於赤道,1度約 111公里,經度因為在兩極相會,故自赤道處之1度約111公里漸向兩極縮為 0公里,在台北(北緯24度)附近,1經度約為 101公里。兩點間之距離公式列如下:[試算表]
兩點間距離D(x1,y1,x2,y2)=r×acos(sin(x1) ×sin(x2)+cos(x1) ×cos(x2) ×cos(y1-y2))
x,y是緯度,經度的弧度單位,r是地球半徑
在同經度上時  D=r×|x1-x2|
氣壓1 atmosphere pressure=1013.25hPa=760.00mmHg=29.921 inches(Hg)14.7lb/sq.inch
速度:1m/s = 1.94knots = 2.24mile/h = 3.28ft/s = 3.60 km/h
長度1nautical mile=1.150776mile=6076feet=1852公尺meter=6100台尺=72913inch
重量1台斤=0.6公斤kilogram=1.2市斤=1.3227pound=21.16434英兩ounce
面積1公頃=100公畝=10000平方公尺sq.meter=2.471英畝acre=1.0310=3025=10.31
容積:1立方公尺cubic meter=1公秉=1000公升liter=219.98加侖gallon(UK)=264.171gallon(USA)
熱量:1J=107耳格erg1 熱化學卡# cal=4.187J (1 J=1 Nm) 
  #註:20035經濟部標準檢驗局出版「國際單位制之使用指南」列有其他非SI之單位,由CGS導出之單位(不建議使用者)v.tw/wSite/public/Attachment/f1221551362000.doc  (22)
太陽輻射單位換算 --近紫外線(0.3-0.4μ)至近紅外線(3~4μ)間之波長
積算量:1MJm-2=23.9calcm-2=0.278 kWhm-2
強度:1calcm-2min-1=0.698kWm-2
1kWm-2=1.431calcm-2min-1
1J=1Ws     
1ly=1calcm-2= 0.0428MJm-2
IPS(International Pyrheliometric Scale)-1956觀測值=Smithsonian觀測值 × 0.98
WRR(World Radiometric Reference) 觀測值= IPS-1956觀測值  × 1.022  (CWB測報作業規範)
長度(英美制) Lengths *
1 foot (ft.) = 12 inches (in.)
1 yard (yd) = 3 feet
1 rod = 5.5 yards
1 fathom = 6 feet
1 furlong = 40 rods = 1/8 mile
1 mile (mi.) = 1760 yards = 5280 feet
1 nautical mile = 1.15 miles = 6076.1 feet
1 land league = 3 miles
1 marine league = 3 nautical miles
 
重量(英美制) Weights *
Avoirdupois Measures
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
1 ounce (oz.) = 437.5 grains
1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2000 pounds
1 long ton = 2240 pounds
Troy Measures
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
1 carat = 3.086 grains = 0.2 grams
1 pennyweight = 24 grains
1 troy ounce = 480 grains
1 troy pound = 12 troy ounces
Apothecary Measures
1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)
1 scruple = 20 grains
1 dram = 3 scruples
1 apothecary ounce = 8 drams
1 apothecary pound = 12 apothecary ounces
體積  Volumes *
液體計量 Liquid Measures
 
1 tablespoon (tbsp or T) = 3 teaspoons (tsp or t)
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 2 tablespoons = 1.805 in3
1 cup (c) = 8 fl. oz.
1 pint (pt) = 16 fl. oz. = 28.88 in3
1 quart (qt) = 2 pints = 57.75 in3
1 gallon (gal) = 4 quarts
1 barrel of petroleum = 42 gal.
1 barrel of liquid = 31 gal.
固體計量 Dry Measures
 
1 in3 = 16.387 cm3
1 ft3 = (12 in)3 = 1728 in3
1 yd3 = (3 ft)3 = 27 ft3
1 dry pint (pt) = 33.60 in3
1 dry quart (qt) = 2 dry pints = 67.2 in3
1 peck = 8 dry quarts
1 bushel = 4 pecks
1 cord = 128 ft3
SI (Metric) Prefixes *
Small Values
Large Values
Prefix
Abbreviation
Value
Prefix
Abbreviation
Value
(十分) deci
d
10-1
deca
da
101
(百分) centi
c  (%)
10-2
hecto
h
102
milli
m
10-3
kilo
k
103
micro
μ  (ppm)
10-6百萬分
百萬Mega
M
106
(極微)nano
n  (ppb)
10-9十億分
(十億)Giga
G
109
(微微)pico
p
10-12兆分
Tera
T
1012
femto
f
10-15
Peta
P
1015
atto
a
10-18
Exa
E
1018
zepto
z
10-21
Zetta
Z
1021
yocto
y
10-24
Yotta
Y
1024
中文慣用詞
10-4
104
10-5
108
1016
其他:中國古稱
1020
1024
1028
1032
1036
1040
1044
1048
參考名稱:
恆河沙
阿僧祇
那由他
不可思議
無量
大數
1052
1056
1060
1064
1068
1072
 
 
換算 *
英制 -> 公制
1 inch = 2.540 cm
1 foot = 0.3048 m
1 yard = 0.9144 m
1 mile = 1.6093 km
1 pound = 0.4536 kg
1 fl. oz. = 29.574 milliliters
1 qt = 0.9464 liters
1 gal = 3.785 liters
公制 -> 英制
1 cm = 0.3937 in.
1 m = 3.28 feet
1 m = 1.094 yards
1 km = 0.6214 mi.
1 kg = 2.205 pounds
1 milliliter = 0.03381 fl. oz.
1 liter = 1.057 qt.
1 liter = 0.2642 gal.
 
溫度 Temperature
 
 
理想氣體狀態方程 Equation of State of an Ideal Gas
pV = mRT    if p=1013.25mb, V=22.415*10**3cm**3, T=273.16K
          R*=mR=universal gas constant =8.3144*10**7 erg mol**-1 k**-1
財務公式 Financial Formulas *
 
 
 
Savings Plan
(Regular Payments)
Savings Plan Formula
Solved for Payments
Loan Payment Formula
(Installation Loans)
*部分 摘自美國赫德遜州立大學網頁:www.hsu.edu/faculty/lloydm/classes/la/formulas.htm

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