英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷1
(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)
1.汉译英（分数：2.00）
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解析：
2.哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈——他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思是同自己交谈。他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。
（分数：2.00）
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正确答案：(正确答案： A philosopher is solely concerned with conducting dialogues with the great souls from ancient antiquity to the contemporary era. In reading books, he converses with the ancients. In writing his own books, he converses with the progeny. In delivering lectures, he converses with a multitude of young students. In contemplating, he converses with himself. He is adept at insights, penetrating into the future. He excels in speculations, speculating on the infinite. He indulges in reveries, traveling in the other world in unbounded fantasy. He abounds in sympathies, concerned about the eternal. He converses with the philosophers and the great minds in the remotest corners of the earth. In this sense, his vision extends into the infinite distance and his thoughts are connected with the past and the future. His vision and thoughts transcend all spatiotemporal boundaries whatsoever. He is great; he is immortal; because he is in permanent dialogue with the great souls of the past, the present and the future.)
解析：
3.有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有很多的才能。人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反到下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认错误，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。
（分数：2.00）
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正确答案：(正确答案： Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career. Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener, to be sensitive toward others" needs, to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That is why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Sensitive in thei
r dealing with others, they are well liked everywhere. People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism. When confronted with a mistake, they let their ego get in the way. They deny responsibility and become moody or angry. They mark themselves as "prickly".)
解析：
4.真正成为自己不是一件容易的事。世上有许多人，你说他是什么都行，例如是一种职业、一个身份、一个角，唯独不是他自己。如果一个人总是按别人的意见生活，没有自己的独立思索，总是为外在的事务忙碌，没有自己的内心生活，那么，说他不是他自己就一点儿也没有冤枉他。因为确确实实，从他的头脑到他的心灵，你在其中已经不到丝毫真正属于他自己的东西了，他只是别人的一个影子和事务的一架机器罢了。
（分数：2.00）
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正确答案：(正确答案： It is not easy to be yourself in a real sense. Many a person in the world can be easily identified , for you can take his job, his status or his social role as his i
dentity, which has nothing to do with the person himself. It indeed does him justice to say that he has no identity of his own, if he has no idea about his own mind, and has to follow others" advice or let others make arrangements for him; if his life, always occupied by external things, is completely void of an inner world. You won" t be able to find anything whatever, either his brain or his heart that truly belongs to him. He is, indeed, no more than a shadow cast by somebody else or a machine capable of conducting orders.)
解析：
英汉互译翻译5.社会在每个人的心中制造了一种害怕心理，害怕被拒绝，害怕被人嘲笑，害怕失去尊严，害怕人们将怎么说。你不得不调整自己来适合所有盲目的、无意识的人们，你不能成为你自己。这是从古到今我们整个世界的一个基本的传统，即没有人被允许成为他自己。 你唯一的责任是对你的本性负责，不要反对它。因为你反对它，等于是在自杀，是在摧毁你自己。那么，你又将会得到什么呢?即使人们尊敬你，人们认为你是一个非常正统的、受人尊重的、高尚的人，而这些根本无法滋养你的存在，无法使你对生命及其他的非凡的美有更多的洞察。
（分数：2.00）
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正确答案：(正确答案： The society creates a fear mentality in everyone" s heart, which makes him fear being rejected, being mocked, losing dignity and what others will say about him. You have to adjust yourself to suit all those blind and unconscious people, and you cannot be yourself. It is a fundamental tradition of our whole world in all ages that no one is permitted to be himself. Your only responsibility is to be responsible for your intrinsic nature, don" t oppose it. For you oppose it, which is equal to suicide and means destroying yourself. Then what can you get? Even if people respect you, and think of you as a very lineal, respectable and noble person, while these things cannot nourish your existence or make you have more insight for your life and other extraordinary beauty.)
解析：
6.当你对生命有了某种态度，你将错过生命本身。生命是广袤无垠的，无法被任何态度所容纳，用某一个定义来界定生命那是不可能的。的确，你的态度可能涵盖了生命的某个方面，但这也仅仅是一个方面，头脑的倾向往往将一个方面看成全部，当某一方面被看作全
部时，你便失去了与生命的联系。你的生命被你的态度所包围，作茧自缚，画地为牢，你将过得很悲惨。那么你的所谓的宗教将会非常高兴，因为那就是他们一直告诫你的：生命就是痛苦的。
（分数：2.00）
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正确答案：(正确答案： When you have some attitude to life, you will miss life itself. Life is so vast and cannot be contained by any attitude, and it" s impossible to define life. Certainly, your attitude may contain some aspect of life, but just one aspect, and yet the mind intends to look upon one aspect as a whole, but when one aspect is looked upon as a whole, then you lose touch with life. Your whole life is affected by your attitude, which means you restrict your activities to a designated area, and you will live a miserable life. Then your so-called religion will be very satisfied, for it" s just what they have told you: life is painful.)

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