Chapter 1
Exercises
A.Complete the following sentences
B.Give the meaning for the following combining forms, prefixes, and suffixes and provide one example for each.
1.embry/o
embryo
embryology
2.-ism
process/condition
mechanism
3.cardi/o
heart
cardiovascular
4.chrom/o
color
chromatin
5.crin/o
secretion
endocrinology
6.cyt/o
cell
cytology
7.–gen
sth that produces or is produced
pathogen
8.lymph/o
lymph
lymphatic
9.-logy
the study of
psychology
10.-ar
pertaining to
regular
C. match column I with column
Column I Combining form, prefix and suffix
Matching
Column English term
epi-
[2]
[1] protection/safe
hemat/o
[8]
[2] above
vascul/o
[10]
[3] life
-somes
[7]
[4] formation, growth, substance of formation
-cyte
[5]
[5] cell
-plasm
[4]
[6] inner/within
endo-
generated
[6]
[7] bodies
immune/o
[1]
[8] blood
erythr/o
[12]
[9] tissue
hist/o
[9]
[10] blood vessel
thyr/o
[13]
[11] to cut open
physic/o
[15]
[12] red
adren/o
[14]
[13] thyroid gland
-tomy
[11]
[14] adrenal gland
Bi/o
[3]
[15] physical
D.Give the stress to the following medical terms, for example: histo’therapy
1 adrenalitis
a,drena'litis
2 cellular
'cellular
3 molecular
mo'lecular
4 cardiopathy
cardi'opathy
5 erythrocytometer
e,rythrocy'tometer
6 erythrogenesis
e,rythro'genesis
7 embryoma
,embry'oma
8 symptomatic
sympto'matic
9 immunology
,immu'nology
10 metabolism
,endo'cardial
11 chromatoplasm
,endo'cellar
12 erythrocyte
,epi'thelial
13 embryoma
,epiderma'titis
14 embryopathology
e'rythrocyte
15 endocrinology
e,rythocy'tometer
16 endocardial
e,rythogenesis
17 endocellular
,histopa'thology
18 epithelial
,sympto'matic
19 epidermatitis
,immu'nology
20 erythrocyte
me'tabolism
21 lymphoma
lymph'oma
22 lymphology
lym'phology
23 psychobiology
,psychobio'logy
24 chromosomes
'chromosomes
25 ribosome
'ribosome
26 hyperthyroidism
,hyper'thyroidism
27 hypothyroidism
,hypo'thyroidism
28 thyroiditis
thy'roiditis
29 anatomy
'anatomy
30 vasculolymphatic
,vasculolym'phatic
Section B Readings
Passage One Human Body
In this passage you will learn:
●Classification of organ systems
●Structure and function of each organ system
●Associated medical terms
Exercises
A.Discuss the following topics
1.Why do we study anatomy and physiology?
Because it is necessary to understand how human body’s parts are put together and how they function.
2.Suppose you were a professor of anatomy trying to introduce the human body to your students at the first class, where would you like to begin and how would you like to proceed?(how many systems are there in the human body? What are they?)
Firstly, name the ten systems usefully classified by anatomists, that is …; then use one sentence to introduce the composition and their functions.
3.Give brief accounts of the structures and functions of each organ system.
The first two sentences of each paragraph have given the answers and find them out.
B.Rewrite the following sentences in your own way and use phrases and expressions you are familiar with.
Fox example:
The digestive system consists of a tube extending from the mouth to the arms.
The digestive system begins at the mouth and ends at the anus and the whole system de
scribed as a tube.
1.The skeletal system is composed of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage.
The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.
2.The contraction of the muscular system produces heat, which helps maintain a constant body temperature.
Heat is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the body temperature constant.
3.The circulatory system distributes needed materials and removes unneeded ones.
The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all body cells while removing waste ones.
4.The respiratory system takes in oxygen from the air and expels carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.
5.The breakdown (of food), known as digestion, is both a mechanical and a chemical process.
The digestion of food involved both mechanical and chemical procedures.
6.The urinary system maintains normal levels of water and of certain small molecules such as sodium and potassium in the body.
The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.
7.A major gland is the pituitary, which is located under the brain in the middle of the head.
A major gland is the pituitary, which is located under the brain in the milled of the head. The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.

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