Unit10
Globalization
Word Bank
alienation: a turning away; estrangement疏远, 疏离
altitude: the height of a thing above a reference level高度, 海拔
assemble: to bring or call together into a group or whole召集
bureaucrat: an official of a bureaucracy官僚
collaboration: the act of working with another or others on a joint project协作
commission: a group of people officially authorized to perform certain duties or functions调查团
commoditize: to make sth. bear the feature of being a commodity商品化
commodity: something useful that can be turned to commercial or other advantage日用具, 商品
concrete: of or relating to an actual, specific thing or instance具体, 实际
converge: to tend toward or approach an intersecting point汇聚
destructive: causing or wreaking destruction; ruinous破坏, 破坏性
dismantling: the act of taking apart or tearing down拆开, 分解
embassy: a building containing the offices of an ambassador and staff大使馆
embolden: to foster boldness or courage in使大胆, 使有胆量
exclusion: the act or practice of excluding 排除
flattening: being flat扁平
gang: a group of criminals or hoodlums帮派
grievance: a feeling of resentment or injustice at having been unfairly treated埋怨; 委屈
hateful: feeling or showing hatred憎恨
instrument: a means by which something is done; an implement手段; 工具
invisible: impossible to see; not visible看不见
minimize: to reduce to the smallest possible amount, extent, size, or degree最小化
outsource: to buy in (components for a product) rather than manufacture them外界供给oyster: any of several edible bivalve mollusks牡蛎
potential: capable of being but not yet in existence潜在, 可能
refuge: a place providing protection or shelter呵护所
reservation: the act of reserving保留
restriction: the act of restricting限带, 限定
retiree: one who has retired from active working life退休者
spot: a place of relatively small and definite limits场所; 地点
stimulate: to excite (a nerve, organ, etc.) with a stimulus刺激; 激发
summon: to call together召集; 召唤
swarm: to move in or form a large number成移动或出现
unlock: to undo or set free打开; 释放
utmost: of the highest or greatest degree, amount, or intensity; most extreme极度, 最大versus: against与……相对
warp: to turn or twist (wood, for example) out of shape扭曲
Phrases and Expressions
bring about: to cause to happen造成
bring down: to cause to fall打倒, 击落
draw up: to prepare a draft of (a legal document) 草拟
look through: to examine查阅; 审校
reflect on: to think over思索; 反省
Reading Comprehension
Choose the best for each of the following.
1. It is concluded in the article that 11/9 and 9/11 are different in that __C___.
A. 11/9 brought down a wall and 9/11 opened the windows of the world
B. 11/9 brought down the World Trade Center and 9/11 put up new invisible walls
C. 11/9 represented the creative imagination and 9/11 represented the destructive imagination
D. 11/9 unlocked half the planet and 9/11 made the citizens potential partners and competitors
2. According to the article, what might be the cause(s) of 11/9? (    D )
A. Hundreds of East Germans sought refuge at the West German embassy in Hungary.
B. The East German government gave in to the pressure built up by the escape of more than thirteen thousand East Germans.
C. Eastern Europeans looked forward to walking out from behind the Iron Curtain and engage with a flattening world.
D. All of the above.
3. "We were the only superpower, and the world was our oyster" (Para. 4) Here "oyster" infers that __B__.
A. the world itself provides a shelter for Americans
B. people in America could enjoy supreme freedom so as to get everything they want from life
C. Americans feel to be playing a significant role in the whole world
D. America is a paradise of liberty and freedom
4. Why could imagination never be commoditized according to the article? (    B )
A. Because imagination is too important to be commoditized.
B. Because imagination is too individualized to be commoditized.
C. Because it is extremely tough for imagination to be commoditized under a near total monopoly of power.
D. Because it is of no value at all to commoditize imagination.
5. It can be inferred from what Irving Wladawsky Berger says that ___A__.
A. positive imagination could possibly ease the danger from individuals even without the instruments of a state
B. focus on productive outcomes could advance and unite civilization
C. peaceful imagination could minimize alienation and celebrate interdependence
D. stimulating positive imagination is of the utmost importance
II. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.
The past decade and a half witnessed how the world went (1) flat, which is characterized by two dates: 11/9 and 9/11.
The creative (2) imagination of 11/9 led to the collapse of the Berlin Wall and helped citizens around the globe to join together in business and trade. In the mean time, the (3) destructive imagination of 9/11 brought down the World Trade Center, throwing the world into chaos and panic.
Eleven-nine arose from a simple event in which hundreds of East Germans sought (4) refuge at the West German (5) embassy in Hungary in July 1989. As a result, Hungary decided to lift the (6) restrictions on the passage to Austria, which made it possible for thousands of East Germans to (7) escape to Austria and thus to West Germany. The impending (8) pressure drove the East German government to (9) remove travel ban. Thus on 11/9/89, East Germans gathered to break down the Berlin Wall.
However, 9/11 changed the way in which the world got flattened peacefully and positively. Bin Laden and his gang might have plotted to hit both towers of the World Trade Center at the exact right (10) spot. Unfortunately, September 11, turned out to be day that the terrorists had their destructive imagination materialized.
Vocabulary
I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1. Some animals get confused when seeing their __B___ a mirror.
A. inflection
B. reflection
C. conviction
D. nutrition
2. Memory can be profoundly ___A__ by subsequent experience.
A. shaped
B. shipped
C. shifted
D. sharpened
3. We received many clever and ___C__ entries in our children's painting contest.
A. initiative
B. inductive
C. imaginative
D. informative
4. This dress was sewn by my mother carefully and the stitches are almost ___D__.
A. incredible
B. impossible
C. insatiable
D. invisible
5. Many businesses with growth __B___ fail to raise enough funds because they lack investment readiness.
A. essential
B. potential
C. utensil
D. spatial
6. Countless small streams ___A__ to form a large river.
A. converge
B. diverge
C. submerge
D. infringe
7. These pills should help to ___C__ the pain.
A. increase
B. lease
C. ease
D. abuse
8. A big ___B__ of bees started following Claire who ran away terrified.
A. swim
B. swarm
C. warm
D. swam
9. During the pregnancy, it's normal to gain weight, but I __B___ ballooned up.
A. initiatively
B. literally
C. laterally
reference groupD. lastly
10. His __C___ is to dedicate himself to the service of his country.
A. hatred
B. education
C. motto
D. religion
II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
represent realize innocent commodity available
threaten stimulate minimal suspect reserve
restrict center alien grieve lock

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