第七单元 介词

我们经常在名词或名词短语、代词或动名词前用介词表示人物、事件等与其它句子成分的关系。介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫介词宾语。介词可表示地点、时间、比较、反对、原因、手段、所属、条件、让步、关于、对于、根据等。
  二、介词的意义
1．表示时间的介词
in表示“在某一时间段”，或“在……某一时候”，如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面，或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。
In July/summer/2000/ancient times/the 1999’s
In the morning/afternoon/evening
In也可以指“在……之后”，表示从说话起的若干时间内，如：
The bus will be here in ten minutes.
On表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如：
on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st
at表示“在某一时间点”，或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。如：
at six o’clock, at Easter
介词over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。
Stay over the Christmas.
介词for, since for表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度，为“长达……”之意；since用于指从过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间；两者往往用于完成时。
I have been there for six years.
We have not seen each other since 1993.
During指“在……时期/时间内”，必须以表示一段时间的词或词组作宾语。
She was ill for a week, and during that week she ate little.
2．表示地点的介词
介词at指小地点或集会场合；on表示线或面上的位置；in表示在立体、区域或环境内，特别是那些教大，能够容纳相应事物的环境。
He works at Peking University.
Your radio is on the desk.
The boat is in the lake.
3．表示原因的介词
for常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原因。
4．表示目的的介词
for表示拟定的接收人或目的；to表示实际的接收人或目的。
I bought the gift for my little sister.
I gave the gift to my little sister.
5．表示“关于……”的介词
一般about用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体；on用于正式的讲话、著作或报告中； 7．表示价格的介词
at和for都可表示价格，at仅表示价格，for还表示“交换”，如：
Eggs are sold at 95 cents a dozen here.
I bought it for five pounds.
                习题一
1. I go to Beijing ______plane.
2. My mother goes to bed ____seven.
3. When do you get ____in the morning?
4. Please look _____the blackboard.
5. The mice come out _____night.
6. Where are you _____?I’m ______Guilin.
7...My father cooks meals ____the afternoon.
8. Point _____your nose.
9. It’s dark.. Please turn _____the lamp.
10.Boys and girls ,listen ____me carefully.
11.Please answer my question _____English.
12.Look ! The bus is coming .Let’s get ____.
13.It’s very cold outside .Tom,put _____your coat .
14.I like _____learn English .
15.It’s sunny today .Don’t sleep ____home ,let’s go to play football.
16.------Where’s my book,Mum?
-----It’s _____the right .
17.There are many animals _____the zoo.
18.We go to school____time.
19.I go ____bed at nine o’clock in the evening .
20.Bill is playing soccer____the playground.
            today 习题二
一．选择填空：
1．Mrs. Brown came to China ____ 1996.
　A．from  B．of  C．to  D．in
2．The room was full ____ smoke after the big fire.
　A．of  B．with  C．in  D．for
3．Here are some presents ____ you ____ our best wishes.
　A．to; with  B．for; with  C．of; about  D．for; for
4．Both Mr Green and Mrs Green were born ____ June, 1956.
　A．in  B．at  C．on  D．for
5．The little boy is always interested ____ science.
　A．with  B．by  C．in  D．at
6．Li Lei often gets up ____ seven o'clock on Sundays.
　A．on  B．in  C．at  D．for
7．They arrived early ____ a Tuesday morning.
　A．on  B．at  C．in D．of
8．Macao（澳门）will return to our motherland ____ December 20th, 1999.
　A．on  B．at  C．in  D．for
9．----When were you born?  ----I was born ____ August 25, 1983.
　A．on  B．in  C．at  D．to
10．Let me show you the place ____ the map.
　A．with  B．on  C．in
11．John knows ____ a computer.
　A．how to use  B．how use  C．how uses
12．The visitors ____ Japan arrived ____ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning.
　A．from; at  B．of; to  C．from; to　D．of; on
13．The teacher will be back ____ an hour.
　A．in  B．after  C．on
14．This programme was sent to the USA ____ China ____ satellite.
　A．in; of  B．of; in  C．from; by  D．by; from
15．It's cold outside. Please           your warm clothes.
A. put in B. take off C. put on D. put up
16．He got many gifts       his birthday       his friends.
A. on, from B. in, of C. at, to D. from, for
17．The classroom is quite different          that one.
A. of B. from C. with D. like
18．Look, you'll see a bridge        the river.
A. on B. above C. over D. in
19．–Your coat looks nice, Is it         cotton? -Yes. It's         Shanghai.
A. made of, made by  B. made of, made in
C. made for, made in  D. made from made by
20．Tow  may fall         the others because he has missed so many lessons.
A. after B. behind C. later D. out of
二、用适当的介词填空：
1．What's wrong ____ your watch?
2．One ____ the students is in the classroom.
3．I think the shop is closed ____ this time of day.
4．My father teaches English ____ a school.

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