非谓语动词（附练习题及答案）
含义：不能做谓语的动词
1、什么时候用非谓语？
一句话，有谓语，多动作，无连词
Seen from the top of the mountain, our school looks so beautiful.
2、形式：动名词（构成：动词原形+ing）
分词（现在分词、过去分词）
现在分词构成：动词原形+ing
过去分词构成：动词原形+ed 或done；
动词不定式
基本形式：“to+动词原形”，
有时可省去to
非谓语动词的形式如下:
一般式 | 完成时 | 进行时 | ||
不定式 | 主动 | to do | to have done | to be doing |
被动 | to be done | to have done | ||
Ing形式 | 主动 | doing | having done | |
被动 | being done | having been done | ||
过去分词 | 被动完成 | done | ||
非谓语动词的否定形式：not +不定式，not + 动名词，not + 分词
非谓语动词的语法功能
一、动名词
主语：Reading is my hobby.
宾语：I enjoy reading.
表语：My hobby is reading.
定语：He is in the reading room.
二、现在分词
表语：The book is interesting.
定语：It's an interesting book.
状语：He sat there, reading a newspaper.
宾补：I saw him standing there.
三、过去分词
表语：They were excited at the news.
定语：There are a few minutes left.
状语：Seen from the hill, our school looks beautiful.
宾补：I saw him beaten by Tom.
四、不定式
主语：To catch the train is impossible.
宾语：They need to look at a map.
表语：My work is to clean the classroom.
定语：I have lots of work to do.
状语：I am sorry to trouble you.
宾补：He told me to close the door.
考点
动名词
考点一：动名词作宾语的动词
1.admit doing sth. 承认做某事
2.advise/suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
3.allow/permit doing sth. 允许做某事
4.appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
5.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
6.consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
7.delay/put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
8.deny doing sth. 否认做某事
9.like(enjoy)/dislike doing sth.喜欢/不喜欢做某事
10.escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
11.fancy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
12.finish doing sth. 完成做某事
13.forbid /prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
14.forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
15.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
16.imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
17.keep doing sth. 保持做某事
18.mention doing sth. 提及做某事
19.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
20.miss doing sth. 错过做某事
21.practice doing sth. 练习做某事
22.prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
23.report doing sth. 报告做某事
24.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
25.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
vaguely词组：devote to,get down to,be accustomed to confess to have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.
例题：He enjoys ___ pop music while I prefer classical music.
A. listen to B. to listen C. listening D. listening to
补充知识：
及物动词：后面必须跟宾语的动词，像buy,reach,give等。
不及物动词：1、单独使用表达完整词义，无需跟宾语。
2、若跟宾语需与介词搭配使用。
Many teenagers feel no difficulty____computers.
A. to learn B. learn C. in learning D. learned
The doctor advises____ less and___more exercise.
A.to eat ; to take B.eating; to take C.eating; taking D.to eat ;taking
The student doesn't mind___when he speaks English.
A.being laughed B.being laughed at C.to be laughed D.laughing at
考点二：在need/require/want/be worth等词后面接动名词主动形式表被动含义。
need doing=need to be done
The sentence needs____.
A.improve B.improving C.improved D.an improvement
解析：考察need的用法。need doing sth. 某事需要被做。句子与改进之间是被动关系，所以要用到被动。选项里面没有被动形式，但是need的特殊用用法，可以用主动形式表被动。所以选项是B.improving。
The problem is worth_____.
A.discussing B.to discuss C.discussed & be discussed
解析：考察be worth 的用法。be worth 后面不可以跟to do 不定式,只跟动名词表示被动含义。problem与discuss之间明显为被动关系，所以正确选项是A。
句意：这个问题值得被讨论。
The garden requires___.
A. watering B. being watered C. to water D. having watered
答案：A
解析：本题中的require“需要”，与need/want同义，后接动词ing形式表示被动。
题干译文：花园需要浇水了。
故选项A. watering正确。
考点三：有些动词后既可以接动名词又可以跟不定式，所表示意义不一样。不定式表示事情尚未发生，动名词表示事情已经发生。
1、forget to do忘记去做某事
He forgot to invite his teacher to the party.
forget doing 做过某事忘记了
He forgot having reading this book.
2、remember to do sth.记得去做某事
Remember to take an umbrella when you go out.
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
He remembered being taken to Shanghai when he was a child.
3. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
He tries to make friends with all kinds people.
try doing sth. 试着做某事
She tries making friends with all his classmates.
4. mean to do sth.打算做某事
He means to go abroad.
mean doing sth. 意味着
Giving in means giving up.
5. regret to do sth.遗憾做某事
I regret to say that you are fired.
regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
He regretted having told you the truth.
I didn't mean ___ anything but the cakes looked so good that I couldn't resist ___ one.
A.eating;trying B.to eat;to try C.eating;to try & eat;trying
解析：考察动名词的用法。mean to do sth.打算做某事，resist doing sth.抵制做某事 句意为：我不打算吃任何东西的，但是蛋糕看起来非常好以至于我不能抵制吃一块。
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