一、 修饰语(modifier)
  1.修饰语是修饰句中其他成分的字、片语或子句。
  2.名词、形容词、形容词子句、分词等都可以作名词或代名词的修饰语。
  He went to the bus stop.
  他去了公车站 。
  名词bus是名词stop的修饰语。
  I have a lovely dog.
  我有一只可爱的狗。
  形容词lovely是名词dog的修饰语。
  He was the man who taught me English.
  他是教我英语的那个人。
  形容词子句who taught me English是名词man的修饰语。
  The running man is my brother.
  正在跑的人是我的兄弟。
  现在分词running是名词man的修饰语。
  3.副词、副词子句、不定词等都可以作形容词、动词或副词的修饰语。
  His English is very good.
  他的英语很好。
  副词very作形容词good的修饰语。
  He runs quite fast.
  他跑得很快。
  副词quite作副词fast的修饰语。
  The sun rises in the morning. hibernating
  太阳在早上升起。
  介系词片语in the morning作动词rises的修饰语。
  I am glad to meet you.
  我很高兴见到你。
  不定词片语to meet you是形容词glad的修饰语。
  I haven't heard from him since he went to Taiwan.
  从他去台湾后我便没有收到他的来信。
  副词子句since he went to Taiwan是动词片语haven't heard from him的修饰语。
  4.副词可以作子句或句子的修饰语。
  My father beat me only because I was late for school.
  我的父亲只因为我上学迟到了而打我。
  副词only作副词子句because I was late for school的修饰语。
  Evidently, he did not tell the truth.
  很明显他没有讲实话。
  副词Evidently作句子he did not tell the truth的修饰语。
  3、修饰语的位置不可改变，常见的改变词语
Only first often at once more even.
二、名词修饰语
所谓名词修饰语（noun modifiers）就是可以用来修饰名词的词类、短语和从句。
  可以修饰名词的词或词类甚多，包括下面10种：
  ㈠形容词：good, bad, able, honest 等
  ㈡复合形容词：four-sided, dark-eyed, three-hour, high-rise, poverty-stricken 等
  ㈢现在分词：smiling, amusing, annoying, astonishing, thrilling 等
  ㈣过去分词：lost, damaged, frightened, disappointed, crowded, burnt, stolen 等
  ㈤名词：a flower garden, a basketball match, a tea party, an emergency meeting 等
  ㈥动名词：walking stick, dining-room, laughing-stock, steering committee 等
  ㈦所有格：John's hat, tomorrow's weather forecast, two hours' discussion 等
  ㈧副词：the statement above, the branches overhead, the bedroom upstairs 等
  ㈨数目词：many, few, a few, some 等
  ㈩数量词：much, little, a little 等
  这里有些事要注意。首先，除了复合形容词、所有格、数目词、数量词可以超过一个字之外，其余的名词修饰语，都是单字单词的。其次，除了副词（通常是时间性或地点性的）
出现在名词后面之外，其余的都出现在名词前面。例如：
  ① Jason is an honest man.
  ② I have just received a hand-written letter.
  ③ Susan spoke with a smiling face.
  ④ The police pulled away the damaged car.
  ⑤ Kim Seng likes his pocket dictionary.
  ⑥ Miss Song got the first prize in the swimming match.
  ⑦ All the players were allowed to have 10 minutes' rest.
  ⑧ There are a few errors in this essay.
  ⑨ After the shopping trip, Janet did not have much money left.
  ⑩ All the facts and figures above have been checked.
  （11） The lights overhead need cleaning.
  （12） The children upstairs are very noisy.
  （13） There will be some discussion afterwards.

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