仁爱版七下语法汇总(Unit 5-Unit 8)
(汇总人:五班:李紫峰,陈文汇,六班:孙东萍,姜珊) 
语法:
(1)公式:主语+be(am,is,are)+v-ing+其他,否定:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+v-ing+其他
(2)用法:现在或者现阶段正在进行的动作或者状态
(3)规则变化:3+:直接+,去e+,双写+ ※特殊变化:lie-lying,die-dying
(4)标志词:Look!Listen!now, at the moment(此时此刻)
(5)特殊用法:现在进行表将来
表示移动的瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来含义:come, go, fly, move, leave, die等
e.g:She is leaving for Shanghai.
(1)公式:主语+v-ed(过去式)+其他,否定要借助动词did:主语+didn't+v-原+其他
        主语+was/were+其他,否定直接加not:主语+was/were+not+其他
(2)用法:过去的动作或者状态
(3)规则变化:4+(+ed):直接+,去e+,双写+,变y+
(4)标志词:①yesterday②ago③last④过去时间短语
※in the 1960s(世纪+1)译为二十世纪六十年代
3.there be句型(有)
(1)there be+某人/某物+方位介词+地点
否定:there be+not+某人/某物+方位介词+地点
疑问:Be+there+某人/某物+方位介词+地点?
特殊疑问:What is 方位介词+地点
(2)句型:
there be+某人/某物+doing+方位介词+地点  某处有某人/某物正在做某事
there be+某人/某物+方位介词+地点    某处有某人/某物被...
e.g.:There are many old people living in our community. 有很多老人住在我们小区。
e.g.: There are many trees planted in our school.    有很多树种在我们学校。
(3)就近原则:there be+某人/某物(主语)+方位介词+地点
be动词的选择跟随主语走,多个主语时,根据离be动词近的主语决定。
(4)存在句型:某人/某物+be动词+方位介词+地点 某人某物在某处
(5)There be 句型的各种时态:
一般现在时:there 有
一般过去时:there 过去有
一般将来时:there will be/there is/are going 将有
现在完成时:there have/已有
(6)方位介词:
On在上面in在里面under在下面near=close to靠近next to挨着
In front of 在前面 behind在后面
In the front of 在前部 at the back of 在后部 on the left of 在左边 on the right of 在右边 in the center of在中间
In the tree在树上(不属于树)on the tree 在树上(属于树)
across from在对面 and..在A和B中间
4.祈使句:以动词原形开头,表命令,劝说,警告,建议的句子,为表委婉可加please
(1)肯定:V-原+宾语  否定:Don't+V-原+宾语
Look at the blackboard.
Dont eat in class.
(2)Let sb.do 让某人做...Let me help you. Let's(us) go shopping.
(3)Be+adj.  Be careful.
(4)No+n./v-ing  例如:No parking. No photo.
5.it's time for/to do到做某事的时间了
it's a good time to do
Its the best time to do
6.日期表达法+in/on/at的用法
in年in月in季节,On日on号on星期,At午夜点与分
Date日期:月份+序数词+年份(分读法)
Whats ?=What date ?--Its.....
月份:January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December
(1)月日年:March 10th, 2023
(2)日月年:10th March,2023=the 10th of March,2023
In the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代
7.情态动词+v-原
(1) can和could
can能,会,可以(请求)
Could(过去)能会,可以(更委婉的请求)
can't be 一定不是,(否定推测)
(2) had better do最好做某事,可缩写为d better
had better do/否定:had better not do
Youd better drink enough water.
(3)should 应该,表示建议,否定:shouldn't do
应该:ought to do=be supposed to do
What is the weather ?-Its....
How is the ?-Its....
词的用法和辨析:
由多到少:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, never
位置:动前助后,动前be后,动前情后
提问:
次数:once,twice,≥3:3+times,at times 有时,偶尔,every+名词单复数也表示频率
主语+come/go to+....+by+交通工具
主语+walk/drive/ride/fly/take a ....to+...,某人步行,开车,骑车,坐飞机,乘坐...去...
In+限定词+小型交通工具 we go there in a car.
On+限定词+大型交通工具We go there on a bus.
By+不加限定词+交通工具(点数)We go there by bus/car.    用how提问
3.听:listen, hear, sound
(1)listen听(听的动作)用法:
(2)hear听到(听的结果)用法:hear sb./sth. do/doing sth. 听到某人做了/正在做某事
hear of/about 听说 hear from 收到某人的来信
(3)sound听起来(感官动词)+adj.  It sounds great.
4.make的用法(使...成为,制作)
(1)使役动词make的用法
make sb./sth.+adj.  使某人某物...fetch最佳用法
make sb./sth.+n.  使某人某物成为...
make sb./sth.+v-原  使某人某物去做 →被动:be made to do 被迫去做
make sb./sth.+p.p  使某人某物被...
(2)make制作的用法
be made in生产于某地            be made of由..制成            be made from由...制成
be made up of 由...组成            be made into被制成            be made by由..制作
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make fun of 取笑                make oneself understood 使自己被理解            make friends with交朋友
make peace with和好            make a living 谋生                                make progress (in)进步
make a mistake/mistakes犯错误    make a decision to/on做决定                        make/give a speech做演讲
make a contribution to做贡献    make up ones mind下定决心
5.借:borrow, lend, keep
Borrow 往里借
Lend 往外借 lend sb.sth.= sb.
Keep 借(延续性动词)多加短时间,如:How long can I keep it?
6.花费spend,cost,pay,take
(1)spend(spend-spent-spent):主语(人)+spend 时间/金钱 (in) doing sth./spend 时间/金钱 on sth.
(2)cost(cost-cost-cost):主语(物)cost sb. 钱
(3)pay(pay-paid-paid):主语(人)pay钱for物
(4)take(take-took-taken):it takes/took sb.时间to do sth.
Bring 带来
take 带走
carry 搬,携带
fetch去取回
get和fetch用法一致,多用于口语。
Put on穿戴的动作 wear穿戴的状态 be in+衣服/颜 dress sb.或dress oneself 给..穿衣服
alone adj.adv独自,一个人
He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.
n.车站,公交车站
v.stop doing 停止做某事(停下正在做的事)
stop to do 停止去做某事 (停下去做别的事)
stop sb. from doing 阻止某人去做某事=prevent sb.from doing sth.
n.:计划:make a plan to do,make a plan for

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