口译笔记常用符号
(1)数学符号
+: 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.
++(+2):表示"多"的比较级:more
+3:表示"多"的最高级:most
-:表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
×:表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.
>:表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.;表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.
<:表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.;表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.
=:表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.;表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.
( ):表示"在......之间":among, within, etc.
≠:表示"不同"概念,不公平,有差距:be different from, disparity, etc.;表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.
~:表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.
/ :表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.
∵:因为,由于,幸亏;because, due to, thanks to, …
∴:所以,因此,结果是;so, therefore, consequently, …
≈:大约,大概;about, almost, nearly,…
∈:属于;belong to,……
(2)标点符号等
: :表示各种各样“说、看、想、评论”的动词,如:say, express, think, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
!:危险,警告,当心,值得注意的是;dangerous, warning, alarming, alert, hazardous, perilous, jeopardy, watch out, sure, certainly, of course,…
?:表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?
. (dot):这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“.d”表示yesterday,“.y”表示last year, “.2m”表示two month ago。“y”表示this year,“y2.”two year later,“next week”,可以表示为“wk.”
∧:表示转折
√:表示“好的”状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.;表示"同意"状态,stand up for,support,agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.
☆:表示“重要的”状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.
∩:表示“交流”状态:exchange,mutual, etc.
&:表示“和”,“与”:and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more, etc.
∥:表示"结束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
(3)缩略词
degrade一、拿掉所有元音
MKT: market
MGR: manager
MSG: message
STD: standard
RCV: receive
二、保留前几个字母
INFO information
INS insurance
EXCH exchange
I owe you IOU
In stead of I/O
三、保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WK week
RM room
PL people
四、根据发音
R are
THO though
THRU through
例词
缩略词 原词
APT Apartment
ACC Accountant
ACDG According
ACPT Accept
AD Advertisement
ADS Address
ADV Advice
AMAP As much/many as possible
AMT Amount
APV Approve
ASAP As soon as possible
BAL Balance
BLDG Building
CERT Certificate
CFM Conform
CNCL Cancel
CNF Conference
CMI Commission
CMP Complete
CMPE Compete/competitive
CMU Communication
CONC Concern/concerning/concerned
COND Condition
CO. Company
DEPT Department
DISC Discount
DPT Departure
EXCH Exchange
EXPLN Explain
EXT Extent
FLT Flight
FNT Final
FRT Freight
FYR For your reference
GD Good
GUAR Guarantee
H.O. Home office
INFO Information
IMPS Impossible
IMP(T) Important
INCD Include
INDIV Individual
INS Insurance
INTST Interested
I/O In stead of
IOU I owe you
IVO In view of
MANUF Manufacture
MDL Model
MEMO Memorandum
MGR Manger
MIN Minimum
MKT Market
MSG Message
NCRY Necessary
NLT No later than
OBS Observe
OBT Obtain
ORD Ordinary
PAT Patent
PC Piece
PKG Packing
PL People
PLS Please
POSN Position
POSS(BL) Possible
PROD Product
QLTY Quality
QUTY Quantity
RCV Receive
REF Reference
REGL Regular
REP Representative
RESN Reservation
RPT Repeat
RESPON Responsible
SEC Section
SITN Situation
STD Standard
TEL Telephone
TEMP Temporary
TGM Telegraph
THO Though
TKS Thanks
TRD Trade
TRF Traffic
TTL Total
U You
UR Your
WK Week
WL Will
WT Weight
XL Extra large
(4)字母、图像(个人性和扩充性很强)
Z:表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:JZ。
C:表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 CZ
π:表示政治:politics, political希腊字母π读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为πZ
∑:表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. ∑数学符号表示总值。
G:表示效率:efficient, effective。G为效率符号。
Q:表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A:表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B:表示商业:business。
C×:表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict和confrontation。
W:表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。
I:表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U:U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。
□:表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.g□表示进口,□g表示出口
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