英语字母及字母组合的发音规则
（一）元音字母的发音规则
1. 字母Aa的发音：
重读开音发/eɪ/ name face plane grape snake game classmate table baby sale
重读闭音发/æ/ bag black thank panda rabbit apple grandpa and can lamp fan lamb carrot trash flat ant dad man family fat happy
轻读发/ə/ about panda elephant America banana umbrella sofa vegetable
轻读发/ɪ/ orange village cabbage
重读发/ɑ:/ ask fast task answer after father giraffe class banana grass
在/w/后面发/ɒ/ want what watch wash quality /ʹkwɒlɪtɪ / 质量，品质
*例外water /ɔ:/
重读发/e/ any many anything anyone anybody anyway
重读发/eə/ parents various /ʹveərɪəs /各种各样的
2. 字母Ee的发音：
重读开音发/i:/ he she we these even complete完成 compete竞赛，竞技
重读闭音发/e/ pen pencil ten red yellow elephant seven well yes very tell sell desk umbrella bed help chess menu fresh set get
轻读发/ə/ open problem children quiet science parents
轻读发/ɪ/ eraser eleven because before decide report design prepare
重读发table的读音/ɪə/ period/ʹpɪərɪəd/ 时段，时期
3. 字母i (y)的发音：
重读开音发/aɪ/ fine five nine kite time like knife drive ride climb child kind nice wr
ite white type sky why my try bye fly
重读闭音发/ɪ/ six it is pig milk gift this sister fish big picture window fridge English thin ill dish river visit listen tip ship
y字母轻读时发/ɪ/ friendly usually happy easy healthy funny busy
i轻读发/ə/ terrible possible pencil cousin
i重读发/i:/ police/pəʹli:s/警察 magazine/mægʹzi:n/杂志
machine/məʹʃi:n/ 机器 unique /ju:ʹni:k/唯一的，独特的
technique /tek`ni:k/ 技巧
4. 字母Oo的发音：
重读开音发/əʊ/ nose go open yo-yo no photo phone home those over close
重读闭音发/ɒ/ dog hot coffee doll from lock orange box long doctor sock
shop God strong office not stop often hobby drop
重读闭音发/ʌ/ son monkey mother come some colour love does money company become ton other another brother
轻读发/ə/ second toʹday comʹputer toʹday toʹmorrow toʹmato
重读发/u:/ do shoes to move移动 remove去除 tomb/tu:m/坟墓
o不发音： season reason
*三个o特殊发音的单词：woman /ʊ/ women /ɪ/ one /wʌ/
5. 字母Uu的发音：
重读开音发/ju:/ use useful usually cute duty music computer
重读闭音发/ʌ/ bus but sun sunlight supper fun cut duck gun jump run
hug study
重读闭音发/ʊ/ pull push bush put full bull(公牛)
轻读发/ə/ autumn succeed/səkʹsi:d/成功(动) success suggest/səʹdʒest/建议
重读开音发/u:/ super blue ruller glue June true rude
重读发/jʊə/ during/ʹdjuərɪŋ/在…期间 curious /ʹkjuərɪəs/好奇的
*两个u特殊发音的单词: busy/ʹbɪzɪ/ 忙的 bury /ʹberɪ/ 埋葬
（二）元音字母与r字母组合的发音规则
1. ar字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɑ:/ are car card farm arm start art garden sharpener smart far park hard alarm party March mark dark
轻读发/ə/ sugar/ʹʃʊgə/糖 dollar美元
在w后发/ɔ:/ warm warn war quarter/ʹkwɔ:tə/一刻钟；四分之一
2. er字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɜ:/ certainly serve term person
轻读发/ə/ sharpener hamburger under teacher tiger farmer driver summer
3. ir字母组合的发音
重读发/ɜ:/ bird third thirteen thirty girl first dirty firm
4. or字母组合的发音
重读发/ɔ:/ short fork sport morning report for born horse
轻读发/ə/ doctor vistor actor forʹget ʹmonitor班长
在w后发/ɜ:/ work word world worth值得的 worm蠕虫
5. ur字母组合的发音
重读发/ɜ:/ purple turn nurse hurt hamburger Thursday Saturday curtain帘子
轻读发/ə/ surprise惊讶 surround/səʹraund/包围 survive存活
（三）字母a与其它字母组合的发音规则
1. ai字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/ paint rain rainbow tail wait train
轻读不发音 certain certainly Britain curtain
特殊发音：said /e/
2. au字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɔ:/ August cause fault autumn pause sauce调味汁 sausage香肠
发/ɒ/ because Australia
发/ɑ:/ aunt laugh
3. al字母组合的发音：
/ɔ:/ small tall fall talk walk
/ɔ:l/ always almost already salt altogether
/ɑ:/ half calm镇定，平静
4. aw字母组合的发音：
重读发/ɔ:/ draw paw爪子 saw law法律 dawn黎明 crawl爬行
5. air字母组合的发音：
发/eə/ air chair hair airport repair pair upstair
6. are字母组合的发音：
发/eə/ prepare share care careful dare敢
7. augh字母组合的发音：
发/ɔ:/ taught teach的过去式 caught catch的过去式 daughter女儿 naughty淘气的
发/ɑ:f/ laugh
8. ay字母组合的发音：
重读发/eɪ/ day today pay play say way away may May hooʹray好哇，万岁！
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