Module 6    Unit 4  Helping people around the world
★1. refer to (-red/-ring) ①谈及/提到eg. Have you heard of the writer referred to at the meeting?②指称/指的是 eg. Are you referring to me? ③查阅/参考：refer to the dictionary(≠look up)
→refer to…as…： 称…为…→reference n.：reference book；for reference；with/in reference to…
2. ambassador n.→Goodwill Ambassador→embassy n. 大使馆
3. operate ①vi.动手术→operate on/for… ②vi.起作用/有影响=work eg. The sleeping pill operated once. ③vt/vi.经营/管理/运营 ④vt/vi.操作/运作；转动/运转
→operation n.：in operation；come/go into operation；bring/put…into operation运作/运转/实施；have/undergo/perform an operation on+人/部位/for+病
★4. hono(u)r n.①n.名誉/荣誉/荣幸：for one’s honor=for the honor of…；on one’s honor以名
誉担保；have the honor of doing sth/to do sth；do sb the honor of doing sth给予某人…的荣幸；in honor of；do the honors 尽地主之谊/做东 ②n.尊敬/敬意(≈respect)：show honor to sb ③n./c/ 增光之人/事：an honor (to…) eg. She is an honor to our school. It’s a great honor to receive the Nobel Prize.access 英语单词
v.①vt.尊敬(=respect) ②vt.给予某人荣誉→feel honored to do sth eg. Would you honor us by visiting us/with a visit?=We would be /feel honored if you would visit us.→honorable adj.
5. ★take on/take in/take up/take off区别；charter≠chapter；
6. purpose n.→for the purpose of…→with the purpose of…→on purpose=by design/intention
7. co(-)operate with sb/to do sth/in doing sth→in cooperation with sb→cooperative adj.
8. touch ①vt.触摸/接触/涉及/感动 ②n.→be in/keep in/get in/lose/ out of+touch with…(≈contact) →a touch of=slight微量/少量→touching/touched adj. 动人的/感动的
9. peacekeeping operations维和行动→keep the peace→peacekeeper n.
10. conflict ①n./c/斗争/战斗(≈fight)：a conflict with/between/among… ②分歧/对立(≈disagreement) →in conflict with… ③vi(≈fight/struggle)→conflict with…
11. blue beret→helmet n.头盔；★worth/worthy/worthwhile区别
12. labo(u)r ①n./u/劳动/工作/劳力/劳工 ②vi.劳动/尽力→child labor；labor law/cost/union/market；Labor Day(May Day)劳动节
13. volunteer ①n./c/ 志愿者(for sth) ②v.：volunteer for sth/to do sth→voluntary adj.
14. press ①v.按/压/挤→press the button ②压迫/迫使→press sth on/upon sb迫使某人接受某事 ③催逼/强迫(≈force/urge)→press sb for sth/to do sth ④n. →the Press/press
15. aware adj.觉察/意识/知悉→be aware/conscious of…/be aware/conscious +从句→one’s/the awareness/consciousness of…
16. draw v.①画 ②拉→draw a curtain ③提取→draw money/cash from a bank ④引出/得到→draw a conclusion ⑤吸=breathe→draw a deep breath ⑥拔取/抽出 ⑦引起/吸引=attract→draw one’s attention ⑧打平
17. sum n.①a (large/small) sum of money ② the sum of…：…的和/总数 ③in sum总之=to sum up→v. sum up ①vt.总计(=add up) ②vi.总计为→sum up to=add up to ③概括/总结/总言之
18. fund (≠find/found) ①n./c/ 资金/基金(会)/专款：collect/raise/set up a fund→IMF=International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织 ②vt.→fund…为…提供资金
→funding n./u/ 资金/基金的提供(行为/活动)
19. under the umbrella of在…的保护/管理下→under the charge/control/guidance/direction of…
20. apart from ①远离=(far) away from ②除了=besides=in addition to=as well as=except (for)
21. urge→urgency n(≈emergency).→urgent adj.：an urgent call/problem
★22. lack ①n.：(a) lack of…→for lack of…因为缺少… ②vt.：lack sth (但不用被动语态) ③vi.：lack for (nothing) 只用于否定句→lacking adj.(不做前置定语)：be lacking in…
→be short(adj.) of…→shortage n.
23. poor adj.：the poor；be poor in/at…→poverty n./u/：live in poverty；fall into poverty
24. businessman/businesswoman→be busy with sth；be busy (in) doing sth→on business
★25. set about ①散布(谣言) ②攻击 ③开始/着手于→set/go about (doing) sth
set off ①vi.出发/动身set off for sw ②引爆/燃放 set off firecrackers ③启动/触动(机器/装置) ④引起(抗议/暴力等) ⑤使某人开始做某事：set sb off doing sth
set out ①vi.出发/动身 ②开始着手→set/start out to do sth ③摊开/陈列 ④提出/制定出 ⑤宣布/表明
26. 代表：stand for；represent(v. 个人代表组织/团体)；on behalf of…
27. natural disaster：earthquake/typhoon/tornado/flood/drought/famine/volcano eruption
28. civil adj. 公民的/平民的/民事的/国内的：civil affairs 内政；civil law民法(criminal law刑法)；civil rights民权；civil war内战；civil liberty公民自由；civil duties公民义务
civilian ①adj.平民的/民间的：civilian pilot民航飞行员；civilian victim ②n./c/ 平民/市民
civilize vt.使开化/教化/熏陶/使文雅：civilize sb→civilization n./u/ 文明
29. remote adj.①(空间上)遥远/偏僻的：a remote place/village ②(时间上)遥远的：remote ancestor远祖 ③(关系/态度上)淡薄/疏远的 eg. His idea is remote from reality.
→be remote(far away，apart) from…→remote control遥控
★30. access n.①/u/ 接近/进入(+to sw/sb)：eg. It’s difficult to gain access to him/the tomb.
②/c&u/ 通道/门路(to sw)：eg. Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the remote village.
③/u/ 接近/使用…的权利/机会(to…) → have (free自由/equal平等) access to…
eg. Every student has free access to the school library. Many Africans don’t have access to clean drinking water.
→accessible adj.(场所)易到达的/(事物)易到手的/(人)易接近的→be accessible to…

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