规则动词与不规则动词
英语中大部分都是规则动词。规则动词都以加-ed词尾的方式构成过去式和过去分词；又以加-ing词尾的方式构成现在分词。

现在式
Listen
Treat
Wish
Discuss
过去式
Listened
Treated
Wished
Discussed
过去分词
Listened
Treated
Wished
Discussed
现在分词
Listening
Treating
wishing
discussing

但在加-ed及-ing词尾时要注意：
1． 若以字母e结尾:：去式及过去分词只需加-d；而现在分词则要除去e加上-ing（双e结尾的除外）。
Love→loved→loving  acknowledge→acknowledged→acknowledging
live→lived→living    please→pleased→pleasing
2．“辅音+y”结尾：过去式及过去分词应先变y为i，再加-ed；现在分词只加-ing。
study→studied→studying    try→tried→trying    fry→fried→frying
3．“元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾，该音节又重读者，末尾辅音字母要双写-e，再加上-ed或-
ing。
plan→planned→planning    beg→begged→begging    prefer→preferred→preferring
permit→permitted→permitting
在其他情况下都直接加-ed或-ing：
Play→played→playing（虽以y结尾，但前面是元音字母a）
Pack→packed→packing（末尾是两个辅音字母，因此不需双写）
repeat→repeated→repeating（辅音字母前是两个元音字母，因此辅音字母无需双写）
open→opened→opening（后面音节不重读，因此末尾辅音字母也不需双写）
4．“一个元音字母+L”结尾的词，英国人双写，美国人不双写：
travel→travelled→travelling（英）travel→traveled→traveling（美）
cancel→cancelled→cancelling（英）cancel→canceled→canceling（美）
5．若“L”前面有两个元音字母，L则一概不双写：
reveal→revealed→revealing（英、美）  appeal→appealed→appealing（英、美）
6．另有少数特殊的词，尽管末尾音节不重读，末尾辅音字母在英国仍然双写：
Worship→worshipped→worshipping（英）worship→worshiped→worshiping（美）
Kidnap→kidnapped→kidnapping（英）kidnap→kidnaped→kidnaping（美）
program→programmed（英）program→programed（美国有时用此拼法）
7．以“X”结尾的词，X不双写：
tax→taxed→taxing  mix→mixed→mixing
在英语中，有些词在加-ed/-ing时，其末尾字母需要双写。常见的有下面这些：

abet
beg
compel
dip
emit
flag
hop
knit
mug
abhor
blot
confer
distil
enrol
get
hug
knot
nag
acquit
brag
control
dot
enthral
grin
hum
lag
net
admit
brim
cram
drag
equip
grip
incur
log
nip
allot
chat
crop
drop
excel
grog
instil
man
nod
ban
chop
dam
drum
expel
gun
jam
mar
occur
bar
clap
defer
dub
fan
handicap
jog
mob
omit
bat
commit
deter
embed
fit
hem
jot
mop
outwit

pad
worshipplug
scan
pat
pop
scar
patrol
prop
scarp
pen
propel
scrub
pin
rebel
ship
pit
rebut
shop
plan
recap
shred
plod
refer shrug

shun
slap
stab
stun
transfer
trip
sin
slip
star
submit
transmit
trot
sip
slop
stem
sun
throb
vet
skid
slot
step
swap
tip
wag
skim
snap
stir
tag
top
wrap
skin
sob
stop
tan
trap
skip
spot
strap
tap
trek
slam
squat
strip
thin
trim
另外，下面的词在加-ed和-ing时，在英国英语中末尾的字母要双写，而在美国英语中却不一定双写：
Cancel dial equal hiccup initial kidnap label level Marvel model panel pedal pencil program quarrel      refuel Revel rival shovel shrivel spiral stencil total travel Tunnel unravel worship

不规则动词数目虽然有限，但大多数是常用动词，例如：

Beat→beat→beaten
become→became→become
begin→began→begun
blow→blew→blown
break→broke→broken
bring→brought→brought
build→built→built
burst→burst→burst
buy→bought→bought
catch→caught→caught
choose→chose→chosen
come→came→come
cost→cost→cost
dig→dug→dug
do→did→done
draw→drew→drawn
drink→drank→drunk
drive→drove→driven
eat→eat→eaten
fall→fell→fallen
feel→felt→felt
find→found→found
fly→flew→flown
forget→forgot→forgoten
forgive→forgave→forgiven
freeze→froze→frizen
get→got→got
give→gave→given
go→went→gone
grow→grew→grown
have→had→had
hear→heard→heard
hide→hid→hidden
hit→hit→hit
hold→held→held
hurt→hurt→hurt
keep→kept→kept
know→knew→known
lay→laid→laid
lead→led→led
leave→left→left
lend→lent→lent
let→let→let
lie→lay→lain
lose→lost→lost
make→made→made
mean→meant→meant
meet→met→met
pay→paid→paid
put→put→put
read→read→read
ride→rode→ridden
ring→rang→rung
rise→rose→risen
run→ran→run
say→said→said
see→saw→seen
sell→sold→sold
send→sent→sent
set→set→set
shake→shook→shaken
shine→shone→shone
shoot→shot→shot
show→showed→shown
shut→shut→shut
sing→sang→sung
sink→sank→sunk
sit→sat→sat
sleep→slept→slept
speak→spoke→spoken
spend→spent→spent
spin→span→spun
spread→spread→spread
spring→sprang→sprung
stand→stood→stood
steal→stole→stolen
stick→stuck→stuck
strike→struck→struck
swim→swam→swum
take→took→taken
teach→taught→taught
tear→tore→torn
tell→told→told
think→thought→thought
throw→threw→thrown
wake→woke→waken
wear→wore→worn
weep→wept→wept
win→won→won
write→wrote→written

understand→understood→understood
这里面有些词有两种拼法，例如：
英国拼法
美国拼法
burn→burnt→burnt
burn→burned→burned
dream→dreamt→dreamt
dream→dreamed→dreamed
lean→leant→leant
lean→leaned→leaned
leap→leapt→leapt
leap→leaped→leaped
learn→learnt→learnt
learn→learned→learned
smell→smelt→smelt
smell→smelled→smelled
spell→spelt→spelt
spell→spelled→spelled
spill→spilt→spilt
spill→spilled→spilled
spoil→spoilt→spoilt
spoil→spoiled→spoiled
现在分词的构成法
现在分词一般由动词原形加-ing构成，如：
go→going  stand→standing  ask→asking  answer→answering  study→studying  be→being 

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