中考数学三角函数公式汇总
sin =的对边 / 斜边
cos =的邻边 / 斜边
tan =的对边 / 的邻边
cot =的邻边 / 的对边
Sin2A=2SinA?CosA
Cos2A=CosA^2-SinA^2=1-2SinA^2=2CosA^2-1
tan2A=(2tanA)/(1-tanA^2)
(注:SinA^2 是sinA的平方 sin2(A) )
sin3=4sinsin(/3+)sin(/3-)
cos3=4coscos(/3+)cos(/3-)
tan3a = tan a tan(/3+a) tan(/3-a)
sin3a
=sin(2a+a)
初中常用三角函数公式 =sin2acosa+cos2asina
Asin+Bcos=(A^2+B^2)^(1/2)sin(+t),其中
sint=B/(A^2+B^2)^(1/2)
cost=A/(A^2+B^2)^(1/2)
tant=B/A
Asin+Bcos=(A^2+B^2)^(1/2)cos(-t),tant=A/B
sin^2()=(1-cos(2))/2=versin(2)/2
cos^2()=(1+cos(2))/2=covers(2)/2
tan^2()=(1-cos(2))/(1+cos(2))
tan+cot=2/sin2
tan-cot=-2cot2
1+cos2=2cos^2
1-cos2=2sin^2
1+sin=(sin/2+cos/2)^2
=2sina(1-sina)+(1-2sina)sina
=3sina-4sina
cos3a
=cos(2a+a)
=cos2acosa-sin2asina
=(2cosa-1)cosa-2(1-sina)cosa
=4cosa-3cosa
sin3a=3sina-4sina
=4sina(3/4-sina)
=4sina[(3/2)-sina]
=4sina(sin60-sina)
=4sina(sin60+sina)(sin60-sina)
=4sina*2sin[(60+a)/2]cos[(60-a)/2]*2sin[(60-a)/2]cos[(60-a)/2]
=4sinasin(60+a)sin(60-a)
cos3a=4cosa-3cosa
=4cosa(cosa-3/4)
=4cosa[cosa-(3/2)]
=4cosa(cosa-cos30)
=4cosa(cosa+cos30)(cosa-cos30)
=4cosa*2cos[(a+30)/2]cos[(a-30)/2]*{-2sin[(a+30)/2]sin[(a-30)/2]}
=-4cosasin(a+30)sin(a-30)
=-4cosasin[90-(60-a)]sin[-90+(60+a)]
=-4cosacos(60-a)[-cos(60+a)]
=4cosacos(60-a)cos(60+a)
上述两式相比可得
tan3a=tanatan(60-a)tan(60+a)
tan(A/2)=(1-cosA)/sinA=sinA/(1+cosA);
cot(A/2)=sinA/(1-cosA)=(1+cosA)/sinA.
sin^2(a/2)=(1-cos(a))/2
cos^2(a/2)=(1+cos(a))/2
tan(a/2)=(1-cos(a))/sin(a)=sin(a)/(1+cos(a))
sin(++)=sincoscos+cossincos+coscossin-sinsinsin
cos(++)=coscoscos-cossinsin-sincossin-sinsincos
tan(++)=(tan+tan+tan-tantantan)/(1-tantan-tantan-tantan)
cos(+)=coscos-sinsin
cos(-)=coscos+sinsin
sin()=sincoscossin
tan(+)=(tan+tan)/(1-tantan)
tan(-)=(tan-tan)/(1+tantan)
和差化积
sin+sin = 2 sin[(+)/2] cos[(-)/2]
sin-sin = 2 cos[(+)/2] sin[(-)/2]
cos+cos = 2 cos[(+)/2] cos[(-)/2]
cos-cos = -2 sin[(+)/2] sin[(-)/2]
tanA+tanB=sin(A+B)/cosAcosB=tan(A+B)(1-tanAtanB)
tanA-tanB=sin(A-B)/cosAcosB=tan(A-B)(1+tanAtanB)
sinsin = [cos(-)-cos(+)] /2
coscos = [cos(+)+cos(-)]/2
sincos = [sin(+)+sin(-)]/2
cossin = [sin(+)-sin(-)]/2
sin(-) = -sin
cos(-) = cos
tan (a)=-tan
sin(/2-) = cos
cos(/2-) = sin
sin(/2+) = cos
cos(/2+) = -sin
sin() = sin
cos() = -cos
sin() = -sin
cos() = -cos
tanA= sinA/cosA
tan(/2+)=-cot
tan(/2-)=cot
tan()=-tan
tan()=tan
诱导公式记背诀窍:奇变偶不变,符号看象限
万能公式
sin=2tan(/2)/[1+tan^(/2)]
cos=[1-tan^(/2)]/1+tan^(/2)]
tan=2tan(/2)/[1-tan^(/2)]
其它公式
(1)(sin)^2+(cos)^2=1
(2)1+(tan)^2=(sec)^2
(3)1+(cot)^2=(csc)^2
证明下面两式,只需将一式,左右同除(sin)^2,第二个除(cos)^2即可
(4)对于任意非直角三角形,总有
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
证:
A+B=-C
tan(A+B)=tan(-C)
(tanA+tanB)/(1-tanAtanB)=(tan-tanC)/(1+tantanC)
可得
tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC
得证
同样可以得证,当x+y+z=nZ)时,该关系式也成立
由tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC可得出以下结论
(5)cotAcotB+cotAcotC+cotBcotC=1
(6)cot(A/2)+cot(B/2)+cot(C/2)=cot(A/2)cot(B/2)cot(C/2)
(7)(cosA)^2+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2=1-2cosAcosBcosC
(8)(sinA)^2+(sinB)^2+(sinC)^2=2+2cosAcosBcosC
(9)sin+sin(+2/n)+sin(+2*2/n)+sin(+2*3/n)++sin[+2*(n-1)/n]=0
cos+cos(+2/n)+cos(+2*2/n)+cos(+2*3/n)++cos[+2*(n-1)/n]=0以及
sin^2()+sin^2(-2/3)+sin^2(+2/3)=3/2
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