缩略语对照表
A
名词章节AB(Address Bus)地址总线 1.1 ACIA(Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter)异步通信接口适配器 9.2 ACK(Acknowledge)应答 6.1 ADSL(Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop)非对称数字用户环线 9.7 AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port)图形加速端口 1.3 ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)算术逻辑单元 1.1 APIC(Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller)高级可编程中断控制器 1.3 APM(Advanced Power Manager)高级电源管理 6.3 AR(Address Register)地址寄存器 1.2 ASCII(American National Standard Code for Information Interchange)美国国家信息交换标准码 1.2 ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying)幅移键控 9.2 AT(Advanced Technology) AT型计算机 1.3 ATA(AT Attachment)AT嵌入式接口 1.3
B
BCD(Binary Coded Decimal)二进制编码的十进制(二-十进制码) 1.2 BIOS(Basic Input Output System)基本输入输出系统 1.1 BIST(Built In Self Test)内置自测 10.1 BIU(Bus Interface Unit)总线接口单元 2.2 BSP(Bootstrap Processor)自引导处理器 10.1 BTB(Branch Target Buffers)分支目标缓冲器 2.1
C
CAN(Controller Area Network)控制器局域网络 6.5 CB(Control Bus)控制总线 1.1 CGA(Color Graphics Adapter)彩图形适配卡9.5 CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computer)复杂指令集计算机 2.1 CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体 9.5 CPL(Current Privilege Level)当前任务的特权级 5.3 CPU(Central Proessing Unit)中央处理单元 1.1 CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Checks)循环冗余校验域 6.3 CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)阴极射线管(显示终端) 5.1 CSS (Core System Software)核心系统软件 10.3 CTS(Clear to Send)清除发送9.2
D
DB(Data Bus)数据总线 1.1 DCD(Data Carrier Detection)数据载波检测9.2 DCE(Data Communication Equipment)数据通信设备 9.2
DDR(Double Data Rate)双数据传输率 1.3 DDR SDRAM(Double Data Rate SDRAM)双倍速率SDRAM 4.1 DIME(Direct Memory Excute)直接存储器执行 6.5 DIMM(Dual In-line Memory Module)双列直插存储模块 1.3 DIQ(Decoded Instruction Queue)已译码指令队列 2.2 DLLP(Data Link Layer Packet)数据链路层包 6.4 DMA(Direct Memory Access)直接存储器存取 1.
3 DMAC(Direct Memory Access Controller)直接存储器存取控制器8.2 DMI(Direct Media Interface)直接媒体接口 1.3 DPC(Deferred Procedure Call Routine)推迟过程调用程序 10.4 DR(Data Register )数据寄存器 1.2 DRAM(Dynamic RAM)动态随机存取存储器 4.1 DSP(Digital Signal Processing)数字信号处理器 9.7 DSR(Data Set Ready)数传机就绪 9.2 DTE(Data Terminal Equipment)数据终端设备 9.2 DTR(Data Terminal Ready)数据终端就绪 9.2
E
EA(Effective Address)有效地址 3.1 EBCD(Extended Binary Coded Decimal)扩充的二-十进制码9.2 ECP(Enhanced Capabilities Port)增强功能端口 9.6 EDO DRAM(Extended Data Out RAM)扩充数据输出随机存取存储器 9.5 EE(Extreme Edition)至尊版 2.3 EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)电可擦除的可编程只读存储器 4.1 EFI(Extensible Firmware Interface)可扩展固件接口 10.3 EGA(Enhanced Graphics Adapter)增强型图形适配器9.5 EHCI(Enhanced Host Controller Interface)增强式主机控制器接口 1.3 EISA(Extended Industry Standard Architecture)扩展工业标准体系结构 1.3 ELF(Extra Low Frequency)超低频 9.5 EM64T(Extended Memory 64 Technology)扩展的64位存储技术 1.3 ENDP(Endpoint Field)端点域 6.3 EOI(End Of Interrupt)中断结束 7.2 EPP(Enhanced Parallel Port)增强型并行端口9.6 EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)可擦除可编程只读存储器 4.1
F
FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface)光纤分布式数据接口 9.7 FDM(Frequency Division Multiplexing)频分多路复用 9.2 FDO(Functional Device Object)功能设备对象 10.4 FiDO(Filter Device Object)过滤器设备对象 10.4 FIFO(First In First Out)先进先出 9.6 FIS(Frame Information Structure)帧信息结构 6.5 FPU(Floating Point Unit)浮点部件 2.1 FSB(Front Side Bus)前端总线 1.3 FSK(Frequency Shift Keying)频移键控 9.2 FTTB(Fiber To The Building)光纤到楼9.7 FTTH(Fiber To The Home)光纤到户 9.7
register的名词G
GAL(Generic Array Logic)通用阵列逻辑 5.2 GDT(Global Descriptor Table)全局描述符表 2.5 GDTR(Global Descriptor Table Register)全局描述符表寄存器 2.5 GMCH(Graphiic Memory Controller Hub)图形存储控制中心 1.3
H
HAL(Hardware Abstract Layer)硬件抽象层 10.4 HDTV(High-Definition TV)高清晰度电视 9.7 HID(Human Interface Device)人机接口设备 6.3 HNP(Host Negotiation Protocol) 主机交流协议 6.3 HT(Hyper Threading)超线程 1.3
I
IA(Intel Architecture)Intel体系结构? 1.3 ICH(I/O Controller Hub)I/O控制中心 1.3 ID(Instruction Decode)指令译码 1.2 IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics)集成式驱动电子装置 6.5 IDF(Intel Developer Forum)Intel开发者论坛 6.4 IDT(Interrupt Descriptor Table)中断描述符表 2.5 IDTR(Interrupt Descriptor Table Register)中断描述符表寄存器 2.5 IEEE(Institue of Electrical & Electronic Engineers)(美国)电器和电子工程师学会 1.2 IEEE1394(IEEE1394 High Performance Serial BUS Standart)IEEE1394高性能串行总线标准 6.5 IFU(Instruction Fetch Unit)指令预取/译码控制单元 2.2 IGD(Internal Graphics Controller)内部图形控制器 4.2 IMR(Interrupt Mask Register)中断屏蔽寄存器 7.2 IOPL(I/O Privilege Level)I/O特权级 5.3 IR(Instruction Register)指令寄存器 1.2 IRP(I/O Request Packe)I/O请求包 10.4 IRQ(Interrupt ReQuest)中断请求 6.3 IRR(Interrupt Request Register)中断请求寄存器7.2 ISA(Industry Standard Architecture)工业标准体系结构 1.3 ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network)综合服务数字网9.7 ISR(Interrupt Service Register)中断服务寄存器 7.2 ITU (International Telecommunications Union)国际电信联盟 9.7 IVT(Interrupt Vector Table)中断向量表 7.3
J
JTAG(Joint Test Action Group)联合测试行动小组 6.2
L
LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)液晶显示器 9.5 LCR(Line Control Register)线路控制寄存器 9.2 LDT(Local Descriptor Table)局部描述符表 2.5 LDTR(Local Descriptor Table Register)局部描述符表寄存器 2.5 LED(Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管9.4 LIDT(Load Interrupt Descriptor Table)装中断描述符表寄存器指令 10.1
LLC(Logical Link Control)逻辑链路控制 6.5 LPC(Low Pin Count)低数量引脚芯片 1.3 LSB(Least Significant Bit)最低有效位 6.3 LSR(Line Status Register)线路状态寄存器 9.2
M
MAC(Medium Access Control )媒体访问控制 6.5 MCA(Micro Channel Architecture)微通道体系结构 1.3 (G)MCH((Graphic) Memory Controller Hub)(图形)存储控制中心 1.3 MDA(Monochrome Display Adapter)单显示适配卡9.5 MESI(Modified、Exclusive、Shared、Invalid)已修改、独占、共享、无效Cache一致性协议 4.4 MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second)百万指令每秒 1. 1 MIS(Micro Instruction Sequencer)微指令序列器 2.2 MMX(Multimedia Extensions)多媒体扩展指令集 1.3 MODEM(Modulator/Demodulator)调制解调器 9.2 MSB(Most Significant Bit)最高有效位 6.3 MSI(Message Signaled Interrupt)消息信号中断 1.3 MS
R(Model Specific Register)模式特定寄存器 2.3 MTBF(Mean Time Between Failures)平均无故障时间 4.1 MTRRs(Memory Type Range Registers)存储类型范围寄存器 2.5
N
NAK(Negative Acknowlegment)无应答 6.4 NMI(Non Maskable Interrupts)不可屏蔽中断 7.1 NRZ(Non Return To Zero)非归零 6.5 NRZI(Non Return To Zero Invert)无回零反向码 6.3 NVRAM(Non Volatile RAM)非易失随机存取存储器 4.1
O
OTG(USB On-The-Go)主/从两用USB 6.3
P
PAE(Physical Address Extensions)物理地址扩展 2.5 PATA(Parallel ATA)并行ATA 1.3 PC(Programmer Counter)程序计数器 1.2 PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)外围部件互联 1.3 PCM(Pulse Code Modulation)脉冲编码调制 9.7 PDE(Page-Directory Entries)页目录项 4.3 PDO(Physical Device Object)物理设备对象 10.4 PDPT(Page Directory Pointer Table)页目录指针表 4.3 PDT(Page Directory Table)页目录表 4.3 PF(instruction PreFetch)指令预取 2.
1 PG(Protect Ground)保护地线 9.2 PIC(Programmable Interrupt Controller)可编程中断控制器 7.2 PID(Packet Identifier Field)包标识域 6.3 PML4(Page Map Level 4)4级分页映象 4.3 POST (Power On SelfTest) 开机自检10.3
PROM(Programmable Read Only Memory)可编程只读存储器 4.1 PSE(Page Size Extensions)页面大小扩展 4.3 PSK(Phase Shift Keying)相移键控 9.2 PT(Page Table)页表 4.3 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)脉冲宽度调制 1.3
Q
QoS(Quality of Service)服务质量 6.2
R
RAM(Random Access Memory)随机存取存储器 1.1 RAT(Register Alias Table allocator)寄存器别名表分配器 2.2 REQ(Request)请求 6.1 RI(Ring Indicator)振铃指示9.2 RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer)简单指令集计算机 1.3 RLE(Run Length Encoding)行程长度编码技术 9.6 ROB(ReOder Buffer)指令重排缓冲器 2.2 ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器 1.1 RR(Receive Ready)回收就绪 2.2 RS-232C(Electronic Industrial Associate-Recommended Standard-232C)电子工业协会推荐的串行接口标准9.2 RTS(Request to Send)请求发送9.2
S
SATA(Serial ATA)串行ATA 1.3 SBA(Sideband Address)边带寻址 6.5 SBP(Serial BUS Protocol)串行总线协议 6.5 SCSI(Small Computer System Interface)小型计算机系统接口 1.3 SDRAM(Synchronous Dynamic RAM) 同步动态随机存取存储器 1.3 SDVO(Serial Digital Video Out)串行数字视频输出 1.3 SG(Signal Ground)信号地 9.2 SGRAM(Synchronous Graphics RAM)同步图形随机存取存储器 9.5 SIMD(Single-Instruction Stream Multiple-Data stream)单指令流多数据流 1.3 SIMM(Single Inline Memory Module)单列直插存储模块 4.1 SMB(System Management Bus)系统管理总线 1.3 SMM(System Management Mode)系统管理模式 2.5 SOF(Start Of Frame)帧开始 6.3 SPP(Standard Parallel Port)标准并行端口 9.6 SRAM(Static RAM)静态随机存取存储器 4.1 SRP(Session Request Protocol) 对话请求协议 6.3 SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions)流式单指令多数据扩展 1.3 SVGA(Super Video Graphics Adapter)超级视频图形适配器 9.5 SYNC(Synchronization Sequence)同步域 6.3
T
TDM(Time Division Multiplexing)时分多路复用 9.2 TLB(Translation Lookaside Buffer)转换后援缓冲器 2.1 TLP(Transaction Layer Packet)事务层数据包 6.4
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