时态-刷小题吃透高中英语重点语法
一、单项选择
1．Tom, as well as his parents, ________ in China over the past five years.
A．have been living B．has been living C．are living D．is living
【答案】B
考查时态。句意：汤姆和他的父母过去五年一直住在中国。根据后文over the past five years可知，表示动作从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，并可能延续下去的动作应用现在完成进行时；且主语后接介词短语as well as，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即助动词用has。故选B。
2．My parents and I ________ to Shanghai for the winter camp this weekend. I’m looking forward to it.
A．fly B．have flown C．are flying D．would fly
【答案】C
考查时态。句意：这个周末我和我的父母要飞往上海参加冬令营。我很期待。根据后文this weekend可知此处为现在进行时表将来，主语为My parents and I，谓语用复数。故选C。
3．The work ________ soon.defending
A．will be finished B．has been finished C．will finish D．finishes
【答案】A
考查时态和语态。句意：这项工作很快就会完成。根据soon可知，用一般将来时。主语The work 与finish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选A。4．It’s reported that Xiamen University ________ more than 400,000 talents for our country in the last 100 years.
A．cultivates B．cultivated C．has cultivated D．had cultivated 【答案】C
考查现在完成时。句意：据报道，在过去的100年里，厦门大学为国家培养了40多万名人才。根据时间状语in the last 100 years可知，句子要用现在完成时。故选C项。
5．I’m very sorry that I can’t lend my car to you tomorrow morning because I
________ it then.
A．have used B．will have used C．will be using D．am using
【答案】C
考查时态。句意：非常抱歉，明天早上我不能把车借给你，因为我要用它。根据上文tomorrow morning可知表示将来某一时刻某一动作正在进行，或往往是因为已经做好准备，认为某事肯定会发生，应用将来进行时。故选C。
6．Over the last decade, the government _______ hard at using advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS.
A．had worked B．have worked C．worked D．was working 【答案】B
考查动词时态。句意：在过去十年中，政府一直在努力利用广告教育公众抗击艾滋病。A. had worked工作，过去完成时；B. have worked工作，现在完成时；C. worked工作，一般过去时；D. was working正在工作，过去进行时。根据时间状语Over the last decade（在过去的十年里）可知句子时态是现在完成时。故选B。
7．Their perseverance ______ with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.
A．is paid off B．pays off C．paid off D．was paid off
【答案】C
考查时态。句意：他们的坚持最终在四分之一决赛中战胜了卫冕冠军巴西队。由with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals可知，他们的坚持得到了回报，pay off是固定短语，意为“得到回报”，无被动语态，用主动表被动，句子描述的是过去的事情，因此时态用一般过去时，空格处是过去式，故选C。
8．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A．is made B．would made C．was to be made D．had made
【答案】C
考查时态和语态。句意：在澳大利亚发现的黄金使成千上万的人相信会发财。因
为主句为一般过去时，所以从句用过去时态。fortune 这里表示财富，因为在澳大利亚发现金子，所以在那里“将会”发财，所以应用be to do sth.“将要做某事”，表示将来。且fortunate与make构成被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。9．The plane ________ off at 10:00. That is, it ________ in ten minutes. A．takes; is leaving B．taking; is leaving C．is taking; leaves D．is taking; is leaving
【答案】A
考查时态。句意：飞机10点起飞。也就是说，它将在十分钟后离开。首先看空格一所在句，当表示按照时间表的安排将要发生的动作时，例如火车或飞机的运行时间表，这时用一般现在时表将来，“plane”为可数名词单数形式，“take off”意为“（飞机）起飞”，故空格一用“take”的三单形式“takes”；再看空格二，当表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作时，可用现在进行时表将来，常用于“come, go, stay, arrive, leave”等词，“it”与“is”连用，“leave”意为“离开”，动词词性，现在分词为“leaving”，故空格二填“is leaving”。故选A项。
10．Not only I but also Albert and Mary ________ physics.
A．am fond of B．are fond of C．is fond of D．was fond of
【答案】B
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅我喜欢物理，艾伯特和玛丽也喜欢物理。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be fond of…”，意为“喜欢……”，“not only…but also…”意为“不仅……而且……”，用来连接两个主语时，遵循就近原则，谓语动词的人称和数和后面的主语保持一致，“Albert and Mary”为两个人，故应用复数，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故“be”动词应转换为“are”。故选B 项。
11．I arrived late and missed the flight. I _______ the traffic to be so heavy. A．hadn't expected B．haven't expected
C．hadn't been expected D．haven't been expected
【答案】A
考查时态。句意：我来迟了，错过了航班。我没有料到交通会是如此堵。根据语境我迟到是过去，因此推断“没有料到”为“过去的过去”发生的事情，用过去完成时，故选A。
12．It was the second time that I________him in Shanghai.
A．met B．had met C．would meet D．was meeting 【答案】B
考查动词时态。句意：这是我在上海第二次见到他。It was the second time that…为固定句型，that从句中使用过去完成时。故选B。
13．— Good morning, Tom, why do you look so tired out?
— Because I _________ my graduating paper all night in my study.
A．worked on B．had worked on
C．have been working on D．would work on
【答案】C
考查时态。句意：——早上好，汤姆，你为什么看起来这么累？——因为我整晚都在书房里一直写毕业论文。此处缺乏谓语，由问句和all night可知，“写毕业论文”这个动作是在昨晚一直进行的，且这个动作对现在产生了影响，时态用现在完成进行时（has/have been doing）表动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去，work on (致力于......)。故选C项。14．It was midnight and he was tired because he ________ since dawn.
A．was working B．has worked C．had been working D．has been working
【答案】C
考查动词时态语态。句意：午夜了，他累了因为自从拂晓，他一直在工作。根据时间状语since dawn并结合前文的“It was dawn”可推断，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，还会一直持续下去，用过去完成进行时。故选C。
15．The clerk _______ a rise in salary from the boss, but he proved a disappointment.
A．expected B．has been expecting C．had been expecting D．has expected
【答案】C
考查时态和语态。句意：这个职员一直期待老板涨工资，但是他失望了。根据句意可知，职员“期待涨工资”的动作发生在proved之前，即过去的过去，应用过
去完成时，又该动作在过去之前一直在发生，所以应用过去完成进行时had been doing，故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查过去完成进行时
过去完成进行时是相对过去的某个时刻来说已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作，其结构为had been doing，例如：
1. He had been waiting for two weeks．他已经等了两周了。
2. She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前
一直患重感冒。
16．Amateur astronomer David Bates ________ at the moon through his telescope last night when he
got a big surprise.
A．looked B．was looking C．had looked D．would look
【答案】B
考查动词时态。句意：昨晚，业余天文学家大卫·贝茨通过望远镜观察月亮时，他得到了一个大惊喜。根据last night和观赏look at 可知，此处表示过去时间一直做某事，应用过去进行时。故选B。
17．Unfortunately, when I arrived at the airport, Mr. Green ________. Therefore, we only had time for a few words.
A．has just left B．was just leaving C．had just left D．just left
【答案】B
考查过去进行时。句意：不幸的是，当我到达机场时，格林先生正要离开。因此，我们只有几句话的时间。根据“Therefore, we only had time for a few words.”可知，此处是指格林先生正要离开，且是指过去的事情。动词leave意为“离开”，为位移动词，所以可以用进行时表将来。所以此处应用过去进行时。故选B。18．It was three weeks since this iconic actress ______ positive due to close contact with viral clusters.
A．has tested B．tested C．had tested D．were tested
【答案】C
考查时态。句意：三周前，这位著名女演员因与病毒密切接触而检测呈阳性。此处为句型It was+时间段+since+过去完成时，表示“到过去某个时间为止做某事有多长时间了”，故选C。

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