2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题（一）
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c o m Part I    Writing      (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 word.
Part II    Listening Comprehension      (25 minutes)
Directions: Answer the questions 1 to 2 based on the following news report.
1.
A.Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.
B.A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.
C.Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.
D.A wandering cow was captured by the police.2.
Directions: Answer the questions 3 to 4 based on the following news report.
3.
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Directions: Answer the questions 5 to 7 based on the following news report.
5.
6.
7.
Directions: Answer the questions 8 to 11 based on the following conversation.
8.
A.It was shot to death by a police officer.
B.It found its way back to the park's zoo.
C.It became a great attraction for tourists.
D.It was sent to the animal control department.
A.It is the largest of its kind.
B.It is going to be expanded.
C.It is displaying more fossil specimens.
D.It is starting an online exhibition.
A.A collection of bird fossils from Australia.
B.Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.
C.Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.
D.Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.A.Pick up trash.  B.Amuse visitors.
C.Deliver messages.
D.Play with children.
A.They are especially intelligent.
B.They are children's favorite.
C.They are quite easy to tame.
D.They are clean and pretty.
A.Children may be harmed by the rooks.
B.Children may be tempted to drop litter.
C.Children may contract bird diseases.
D.Children may overfeed the rooks.A.It will produced at Harvard University.  B.It will be hosted by famous professors.
C.It will cover different areas of science.
D.It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.
A.It will be more futuristic.
B.It will be more systematic.
C.It will be more entertaining.
D.It will be easier to understand.
10.defending
A.People interested in science.
B.Youngsters eager to explore.
C.Children in their early teens.
D.Students majoring in science.
11.
A.Offer professional advice.
B.Provide financial support.
C.Help promote it on the Internet.
D.Make episodes for its first season.
Directions: Answer the questions 12 to 15 based on the following conversation.
12.
A.Unsure
B.Helpless
C.Concerned
D.Dissatisfied
13.
A.He is too concerned with being perfect.
B.He loses heart when faced with setbacks.
C.He is too ambitious in achieving goals.
D.He takes on projects beyond his ability.
14.
A.Embarrassed
B.Unconcerned
C.Miserable
D.Resentful
15.
A.Try to be optimistic whatever happens.
B.Compare his present with his past only.
C.Always learn from others' achievements.
D.Treat others the way he would be treated.
Directions: Answer the questions 16 to 18 based on the following passage.
16.
A.They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
B.They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.
C.They are more likely to become engineers.
D.They have greater potential to be leaders.
17.
A.Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.
B.Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.
C.Insist that boys and girls work together more.
D.Respond more positively to boys' comments.
18.
A.Offer personalized teaching materials.
B.Provide a variety of optional courses.
C.Place great emphasis on test scores.
D.Pay extra attention to top students.
Directions: Answer the questions 19 to 21 based on the following passage.
19.
A.It often rains cats and dogs.
B.It seldom rains in summer time.
C.It does not rain as much as people think.
D.It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.
20.
A.They drive most of the time.
B.The rain is usually very light.
C.They have got used to the rain.
D.The rain comes mostly at night.
A.It has a lot of places for entertainment.
B.It has never seen thunder and lightning.
C.It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.
D.It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.
Directions: Answer the questions 22 to 25 based on the following passage.
22.
A.It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.
B.It results from exerting one's muscles continuously.
C.It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.
D.It comes from straining one's muscles in an unusual way.
23.
A.Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.
B.Body movements in the affected area become difficult.
C.They begin to make repairs immediately.
D.They gradually become fragmented.
24.
A.About one week.
B.About two days.
C.About ten days.
D.About four weeks.
25.
A.Apply muscle creams.
B.Drink plenty of water.
C.Have a hot shower.
D.Take pain-killers.
Part III    Reading Comprehension      (40 minutes)
When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or 26  the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is 27, and the label says "pure water". But maybe what's inside is not so 28. Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world 29microplastics?
That's the conclusion of a recently 30study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, 31an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a 32  commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and 33containers. The study was conducted at the State New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.
Confronted with this 34, several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the 35health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.
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D.defending
E.evidence
F.instant
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The quiet heroism of mail delivery
[A] On Wednesday, a polar wind brought bitter cold to the Midwest. Overnight, Chicago reached a low of 21 degrees Fahrenheit below zero, making it slightly colder than Antarctica(南极洲), Alaska, and the North Pole. Wind chills were 64 degrees below zero in Park Rapids, Minnesota, and 45 degrees below zero in Buffalo, North Dakota, according to the National Weather Service. Schools, restaurants, and businesses closed, and more than 1,000 flights were canceled.
[B] Even the United States Postal Service(USPS) suspended mail delivery. "Due to this arctic outbreak and concerns for the safety of USPS employees, " USPS announced Wednesday morning, "the Postal
Service is suspending delivery Jan. 30 in some 3-digit ZIP Code locations." Twelve regions were listed as unsafe on Wednesday; on Thursday, eight remained.
[C] As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather In 2018 alone, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, mudslides, and other natural disasters cost at least $49 billion in the United States. As my colleague Vann Newkirk reported, Puerto Rico is still confronting economic and structural destruction and resource scarcity from 2017's Hurricane Maria. Natural disasters can wreck a community's infrastructure, disrupting systems for months or years. Some services, however, remind us that life will eventually return, in some form, to normal.
[D] Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California, a drone (无人机) caught footage(连续镜头) of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith, driving through burned homes in that familiar white van, collecting mail in an affected area. The video is striking: The operation is familiar, but the scene looks like the end of the world. According to Rae Ann Haight, the program manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched. For Smith, this was just another day on the job. "I followed my route like I normally do," Smith told a reporter. " As I came across a box that was up but with no house, I checked, and there was mail—outgoing mail—in it. And so we picked those up and carried on."
[E] USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country, 285 emergency-management teams are devoted to crisis control. These teams are trained annually using a framework known as the three Ps: people, property, product. After mail service stops due to weather, the agency's top priority is ensuring that employees are safe. Then it evaluates the health of infrastructure, such as the roads that mail carriers drive on. Finally, it decides when and how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme, mail addressed to the area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was moved to an upper floor so it would be protected from water damage.
[F] As soon as it's safe enough to be outside, couriers(邮递员) start distributing accumulated mail on the still-accessible routes. USPS urges those without standing addresses to file change-of-address forms with their new location. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.
[G] Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493.4 million pieces of mail—anything from postcards to Social Security checks to medicine. Spokespeople from both USPS and UPS told me all mail is important. But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely. According to data released in January
2017, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed.
[H] It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks reach the right people in a timely fashion. After Hurricane Florence and
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