考研英语（阅读）-试卷186
(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：6，分数：60.00)
1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）
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解析：
2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）
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defending解析：
"Always". "Never". These are probably the two most powerful words in the English language.
Even more powerful than yes and no, since saying yes(or no)applies to the moment or subject at hand, while saying "always" or "never" sets the tone for everything to come. The two words can be powerful in a beneficial way, or in an adversely negative way. If you use "always" in affirmations such as "I am always increasing my level of joy and aliveness", or "I am always growing nearer and nearer to my divine reality", or "I am always at the right place at the right time", etc. , then these uses of the word "always" become an empowerment. However, when we use the word "always" in negative situations, such as "I always get it wrong", or "I always catch a cold", etc. then we are "creating our reality" in a powerful way. The use of the word ALWAYS is very powerful, so is the use of NEVER. While I encourage you to find empowering ways to use the word "always", I also encourage you to drop completely the word NEVER. One cannot use that word positively? Even if you say "I never catch a cold", or "My husband never cheats on me", or whatever, the focus is still on something you don"t want in your life—a cold, a cheating husband, etc. It is better to replace those statements(and thoughts)with "I am always healthy", or if you"re not quite comfortable with that statement, then say "Each day, I get healthier and healthier". Or rathe
r than focus on the picture of a cheating husband, better to focus on "My husband is always faithful to me", or "My husband and I are faithful and honest with each other". You can ask your subconscious to help you root out your use of the word "always" and the word "never". Ask your subconscious to alert you when you use those words whether in thought or conversation. When you catch yourself "creating your reality" in a way that does not meet your highest vision of a happy life, then rephrase your thought or statement. If you find yourself saying " I always" followed by a negative projection, you could, at the least, replace the "always" with "in the past, I . . . "(omitting the word "always" or "never"). In this way, you at least keep that picture tied to your past, and free your future for something which is more in keeping with your dreams and vision for yourself. I leave you with these thoughts: May you always be blessed with many wonderfull experiences. May your heart always be full of love for yourself and for others. So be it!（分数：10.00）
(1).The text suggests that______.（分数：2.00）
 A.the word "never" cannot be powerful in a beneficial way
 B.the word "always" can only be powerful in a positive way
 C.the use of the word "always" is creating a reality powerfully √
&s and "no" should be replaced by "always" and "never"
解析：解析：根据第二段中的“…these uses of the word‘always’become an empowerment”和“when weuse the word‘always’in negative situations，…then we are‘creating our reality’in a powerfulway”，C应为答案。
(2).According to the author, the word "always"______.（分数：2.00）
 A.is usually used to talk about happiness in our lives
 B.may be used either in a beneficial or in a negative way √
 C.is used more in a beneficial way than in a negative way
 D.can be extremely powerful when used in a negative way
解析：解析：根据第二段第一句“The two words can be powerful in a beneficial way，or in an adverselynegative way”，B应为答案。
(3).The author maintains that the word "never"______.（分数：2.00）
 A.can scarcely be used positively √
 B.can sometimes be used positively
 C.can be used in an empowering way
 D.should be used in a negative situation
解析：解析：根据第三段第三、四句“One cannot use that word positively?Even if you say‘I never catch acold’，…the focus is still on something you don’t want in your life…”，A应为答案。
(4).In the author"s opinion, the word "always"______.（分数：2.00）
 A.should be discarded completely
 B.should be used more subconsciously
 C.should be used to talk about past events
 D.should be less used in negative situations √
解析：解析：根据第四段中的“If you find yourself saying‘I always’followed by a negative projection，youcould，at the least，replace the‘always’with‘in the past，I…’(omitting the word always ornever)”，D应为答案。
(5).The author insists that______.（分数：2.00）
 A.what you prefer to "always" have in your life, just say so √
 B.everybody is always blessed with love and great happiness
&ur future is based on your dreams and vision for yourself
 D.whatever you say or whatever you dream will come true someday
解析：解析：本文表达的观点是：“‘always’is powerful”。作者在最后一段使用“always”这个词表达了美好的祝愿。所以，A应为答案。
In May, USA Today reported that the federal government is collecting data on the phone calls made and received by tens of million of Americans. According to the program"s defenders, your grocery store, your cable company, and your credit card company can identify you based on your phone number, but the National Security Agency(NSA)can"t. At least, that"s the implication when people say the database is legal because the information in it has been "anonymized"—i. e. , stripped of names and addresses. But phone numbers can readily be linked to names and addresses using publicly available information. The claim that there" s really nothing personal or private about the phone call records— which tell the NSA who calls whom, when, and for how long—is a tenuous basis for defending data collection that ordinarily requires a court order or the customer"s consent. One major phone company, Qwest, refused to give the NSA its customers" records. Officials there knew they could face hefty penalties under at least two statutes, the Communications Act and the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, if they revealed this information without th
eir customers" permission unless they were legally required to do so. The NSA"s defenders cite Qwest"s refusal as evidence the program is voluntary and therefore legal. In fact, it indicates just the opposite: Had Qwest been presented with a lawful subpoena or court order demanding the data, it almost certainly would have complied. If it hadn"t, the government could have forced it to do so. Instead, USA Today reported, the NSA resorted to extra-legal methods, pressuring the phone companies to divulge the data through appeals to patriotism, warnings about terrorism, and threats of lost government contracts. Presumably it took this route because it would have had a hard time convincing the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court that every American"s phone records were "relevant" to a terrorism investigation. Maybe the NSA shouldn"t have to meet that standard when it does automated analyses of such data aimed at preventing terrorist attacks. If so, there"s a simple solution: Ask Congress to change the relevant statutes. Otherwise, divulging the records to the government violates the law.（分数：10.00）
(1).It was reported that the federal government is______.（分数：2.00）
 A.defending its right to collect data on the phone calls of people
&llecting data on the phone calls of people for security reasons √
 C.interested in getting the personal information of average citizens
 D.following the example of credit card companies in data collection
解析：解析：根据第一段中的“…the federal government is collecting data on the phone calls…ofAmericans．According to…number，but the National Security Agency(NSA)can’t”，B应为答案。
(2).The National Security Agency believes that it is legal______.（分数：2.00）
& collect "anonymized" personal information √
& link phone numbers to names and addresses
& use publicly available information in data analysis
& identify and accuse anyone based on phone call records
解析：解析：根据第一段最后一句“…that’s the implication when people say the database is legal becausethe information in it has been‘anonymized’…”，A应为答案。

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