外宣翻译中中国特词汇
摘要
中国悠久历史文化的积淀和中国社会经济的不断发展，使得汉语言中拥有大量的具有鲜明中国文化特的词汇。在越来越国际化的今天，中国与世界在政治、经济、文化等各方面的交流日益增多。与此同时世界各地的人们也越来越多关注中国文化。翻译作为一条沟通世界的桥梁，在其中起着非常重要的作用。如何正确地翻译这些具有鲜明中国文化特的词汇也越来越成为人们关注的焦点。本文的重点是以翻译学的基本理论作为视角，以从新闻报刊中选取的具有中国特词汇作为具体研究对象，在前人研究的基础上对其特点发展进行归类，分析，汇总，并从归化和异化的角度出发，对其翻译方法进行归纳分析和比较。希望达到对中国特词汇翻译的方法上有所创新的目的，能够在国际文化交流中达到中国文化彰显的目的。
关键词：文化，中国特，归化，异化，翻译
ABSTRACT
Within the long history and along with the fast social and economic development, Chinese la
nguage has gained a large amount of words with cultural characteristics. In this more and more globalized world, China has more and more communication with the rest of the world in every aspect of our life. At the same time, people are being more and more interested in Chinese culture. Translation-as a way to help people understand each other - plays a very important role in this point. How to translate these words with distinctive Chinese cultural characteristics in a proper way has always been heatedly debated. This thesis aims to take same typical cultural words as our sample, base on the theories in translation study and the previous studies in this area, to give a thorough analysis about the category and classification of this kind of words. Also this thesis will discuss about the ways in translating these words from the prospective of domestication and foreignization. This thesis is expecting to have some innovations in the ways of translation, which will help the display of Chinese culture.
Key Words：Culture, Chinese characteristics, domestication, foreignization, translation
CONTENTS
1. Introduction (4)
2. Backgrounds of words with Chinese characteristics (5)
2.1 Forming of words with Chinese characteristics (5)
2.2 Classification and features of words with Chinese characteristics (5)
3. Mistakes in translating words with Chinese characteristics (7)
3.1. Translating literally without knowing the deep meaning (8)
3.2. Translating in Chinese thinking without caring about English language habits .. 9 3.3. Translating without knowing the origin of the words (9)
4. Methods for translating words with Chinese characteristics (10)
4.1 Basic theories for the ways of translating words with Chinese characteristics (10)
4.1.1 The theory of domestication (10)
4.1.2 The theory of foreignization (11)
4.2 Methods for translating words with Chinese characteristics (11)
scholars4.2.1 Transliteration (11)
4.2.2 Transliteration plus graphs, paraphrase or suffix (13)
4.2.3 Literal translation (13)
4.2.4 Literal translation plus paraphrase (14)
4.2.5 Literal translation to create new words (14)
4.2.6 Literal translation plus free translation (14)
4.2.7 Free translation (15)
5. The comparison between domestication ways and foreinization ways (18)
6．Conclusion (19)
Acknowledgements .................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
References (21)
1. Introduction
Ever since the adoption of the Reform and Opening-up policy, the fast development of China's economy has improved its nation power, meanwhile Chinese cultures are also being more and more realized all around the world. More and more western scholars have focused their studies on Chinese culture. And also more and more ordinary western citizens are learning Chinese too. We, as Chinese, should take the advantage of this opportunity, to strengthen the influence of Chinese culture, to improve the communication between China and the rest of the world, to make people of other countries know more about our country and eventually improve the development of the world.
Language, as one of the basic systems of culture, is a media for restoring, describing and transmitting culture. While words are the most basic unit in this system, and cultural loaded
words are those which have deep association with a particular culture, words with Chinese characteristics belong to this category. How to transmit the deep cultural implication of these words to the outside world and make the target language reader know the uniqueness of Chinese culture through translation has been the focus of this thesis.
This paper will adopt an objective prospective, base the research on previous scholars' study and put forward a thorough discussion of this topic.
In part one, some basic knowledge, such as the forming, the classification and the features of those words with Chinese characteristics will be discussed.
Then in the second part, some negative translation samples will be listed and analyzed.
The third part will be the center of this thesis. First it will have a description of the basic theories for translating words with Chinese characteristics. That is foreignization and domestication. Then the passage will list a variety of ways of translations of words of Chinese characteristics, either in a domestication way or in a foreignization way. The different approaches of translation will be classified according to different kinds of words.
Then comes the fourth part, which will make a comparison between domestication ways and foreignization ways, in which the foreigniztion way will be
valued for its ability in showing Chinese culture.
Finally, the last part will give a conclusion about the appropriate ways for translating words with Chinese characteristics according to the analysis made in the previous parts.

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