阅读技巧训练（三）
领悟文章的隐含意义   (Hidden Meaning)
  根据考试说明，高考阅读理解能力测试的第三点要求是：“既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度，意图等；”
   由于某种原因，作者不能鲜明地表达自己的观点，而将其隐含在字里行间，流露于修辞手法之中。这类考题要求考生对于作者这种没有明确说明的写作目的，立场态度，思想倾向作出合理的推断。
  读懂这种“言外之意，弦外之音”，要求考生有无障碍的阅读能力，“锣鼓听音”的敏锐感觉，合理推断的思维品质。这是阅读测试题中较难的类型，对考生的能力要求较高，需要认真训练。
  这种题型的常用提问方式有：
The story does not say this, but from what we have read, we can tell that __________.
We can infer from the passage that __________.
The writer's attitude toward ... is __________.
The passage implies, but does not directly state that __________.
The passage suggests that __________.
We may conclude from the passage that __________.  ... ...
Passage 1                                                                                                           
      Some people are never right. They never have good luck. They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK, they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buses and airplanes.
      Mr. Neff is different. He is always right. He is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes. Even if he does miss them. it is always the fault of the buses and the airplanes.
      Mr. Neff knows almost everything. He doesn't ask questions; he answers questions. He never says "I don't know".
      I don't know Mrs. Neff. It seems that not many people know her. I sometimes wonder a
bout her. Is she always right.? Or maybe she is always wrong? Does she often break dishes or miss buses? 
  Does she have problems? I wonder.
1. Which of the following do you think gives the most important trait (特性) of Mr. Neff's character?
A. He is a very wise man.        B. He plans everything well.
C. He is moral and kindhearted.    D. He is very satisfied with himself.
2. The writer really thinks that __________.wrong是什么意思
A. Mr. Neff is always right        B. Mr. Neff usually has good luck
C. Mr. Neff knows almost everything
D. it is the fault of the buses and airplanes when Mr. Neff misses them
3. Which of the following do you guess is true of Mrs Neff'?
A. She probably obeys her husband in everything
B. She probably feels proud to be a help to her husband
C. She probably quarrels with her husband all the time
D. She probably feels very happy to have such a successful husband
4. Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Mr.Neff?
A. He finds Mr. Neff hard to understand    B. He thinks Mr. Neff wonderful
C. He feels pity for Mr. Neff            D. He does not like Mr. Neff
    本篇短文，文字浅显，平铺直叙，但在训练实际中却发生大面积错误：一是发生错的人多，无论基础好的还是差的；二是错的题多，错三道题的甚至全错的大有人在。同学们大呼答案错了。问题出在同学们没有“捂”出作者的暗含意思。象Mr.Neff一贯正确，一帆风顺的人在生活中确实有，但似乎并无必要写文章加以赞扬。而倒霉的人也不应当给以批评曝光。那
麽作者为什麽写这篇短文呢？ 其实作者的目的在短文的最后有所流露：
       I don't know Mrs. Neff.  It seems that not many people know her. I sometimes wonder about her. Is she always right.?  Or maybe she is always  wrong?  Does she often break dishes or miss buses? 
      Does she have problems? I wonder.
    仔细读过这些问句，我们不难领会到作者的意思是：与Mr.Neff这样的人一起生活，怎麽能忍受得了呢？除非唯命是从。作者不喜欢Mr.Neff这样的人的微妙心态在这些问句当中显现出来了。而这样的心态不便明说，以避“嫉妒”之嫌，又想一吐为快，于是便有了上面的文章，让我们这些没有生活阅历的初出茅庐的后生们大呼上当。
Passage 2                                                                                           
      The story of the Kennedy brothers is rather like one of those songs which children sing happily and which end up with the shout, "And then there none."
    The eldest brother was killed in the war, John was shot in Dallas in 1963, Robert was murdered in 1968, and Edward's chances of becoming president may have died when his c
ar had an accident, killing the passenger.
    The four boys were brought up by their father to do and fight for nothing but the best, whether on the games field or in political life. He managed to give them so much ambition (雄心) and energy that only since the youngest brother found his political death, have people begun to ask themselves, "Why did we look on the Kennedys as the family chosen to lead the USA to a better future?"
    In fact, John and Robert had both shown their ability and courage in international politics and their work for civil rights, and Edward had a good record as senator (上议员); but so had many other people. Only history will show how much of the Kennedy story was built on fact and how much on the famous family name.
1. The best title for the article is __________.
A. Political Murder          B. The Best Family of USA
C. A Famous Family Name    D. The Kennedy Brothers
2. From the article we know that old Kennedy taught his sons __________.
A. to aim high and try to achieve great success
B. to fight for everything
C. to try their best to be good citizens
D. not to waste so much of their energy in fighting
3. According to the article, Edward Kennedy ___________.
A. was the oldest of the four brothers          B. liked. to sing children ' s song

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