现在完成时中非延续性动词(瞬间动词）与延续性动词的转换
现在完成时是初中英语语法的重点之一。它表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词.但是，有些动词所表示的动作是短暂的，这类动词叫做非延续性动词。如:come， go， reach, arrive, leave，borrow， buy, join， die， begin， start, finish等.在现在完成时的句子中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
同学们在使用这两类动词作谓语动词时，常会出现错误。例如：
(误）Tom has bought the book for a week.
(正）Tom has had the book for a week。
（误）My father had joined the Party for ten years.
（正）My father has been in the Party for ten years.
如果要表示动作的连续性，就要把非延续性动词转换成相应的延续性动词或短语，具体转换如下：1。come/go/reach/arrive→be in/at    2.leave→be away from，
3. borrow→keep
4.buy→have，
5.join→be in/be a member of      6。die→be dead，
7。 start/begin→be on            8. finish/end→be over,
9.open→be open （adj.)        10.close→be closed （adj。),
begin和start区别11.marry→be married
注意:
1。非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for,since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如:
She hasn’t bought any new clothes since last year.
2。在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for，since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如：
He has been away from Beijing for two years。
= He left Beijing two years ago.
= It is two years since he left Beijing。
= Two years has passed since he left Beijing。
练习：用现在完成时改写下列句子，使A，B两句意思基本一致。每空限填一词。
1. A. They came to our school in 1980.
B。 They ____ ____ ____ our school since 1980。
2. A。 The man died five years ago.
B. The man ____ ____ ____ for five years.
3。 A。 The meeting began two minutes ago.
B. The meeting ____ ____ ____ for two minutes。
4. A. We borrowed two books last week。
B。 We ____ ____ the two books for a week.
5. A. When did the train arrive here？
B. How long ____ the train ____ here?
这里对一些词组做一些总结：
瞬间动词可转换的延续性动词（组)
arrive  be here
fall ill/sick/asleep  be ill/sick/asleep
get up be up
go out be out
put on wear或be on go to school  be a student
catch（a cold）have（a cold)
get to know know
begin to study study
come to work  work
get up  be up
如：
1。He has been a soldier f or three years。他参军三年了.
2。His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了.
3.The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已开始十分钟了。
4。We have studied English for three years.我们(开始）学英语已三年了.

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。