短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换
1. borrow            keep                have kept
2. get to know          know                have known
3. catch a cold          have a cold          have had a cold
4. buy                have                have had
5. die                be dead              have been dead
6. open              be open              have been open
7. close              be closed            have been closed
8. get married          be married            have been married
9. fall ill              be ill                have been ill
10. fall asleep          be asleep            have been asleep
11. leave sp.          Be away from sp.      Have been away from sp.
12. return              be back              have been back
13. go to bed          be in bed            have been in bed
14. come to the island    be on the island      have been on the island
15. go to sp./come to sp.  Be in sp.            Have been in sp.
16. come here          be here              have been here
17. go there            be there              have been there
18. go out              be out              have been out
19. get up              be up                have been up
20. start/ begin          be on                have been on
21. finish/ end          be over              have been over
22. become            be                  have been
23. join                be a member of        have been a member of
                      Be in                have been in
rrive→be here                  begin(start)→be on
die →be dead                    come back→be back
leave →be away (from)      fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)
get up→be up                    go out  →be out
finish →be over                  put on  →wear 或be on
open →be open                join →be in或 be a member of…
close →be closed              go to school→be a student
borrow →keep                    buy/get  →have           
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)          get to know →know
begin to study→study                come to work→work
move to → live in                  finish/end → be over
come to → be in                  sit down → be seated
marry → be married                dress → be dressed等
短暂性动词和延续性动词
可以从字面上理解，持续的动作就是延续动词，反之就是瞬间动词（短暂动词），这个有这种感觉还是很好理解的，你看看下面的浅谈吧
延续性动词: live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke
瞬间性动词:
open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start enter,finish
1、终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。
终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的。
如：have a cold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。
I′ve had a cold since my arrival（到达 n.）.
I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days.
catch a cold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用take,get代替。
Put on your coat,or you′ll catch/take/get a cold.
Take care not to get cold.
但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。
如：Brown has taken a slight cold.
注意下列句子：
I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)
I have had a cold for over a week.( )
2、延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如：be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用；这类动词如用于进行时态，则可以和表示一个短暂具体的时刻连用。
He worked at eight yesterday afternoon.(×)
He was working at eight yesterday afternoon.( )
3、代替终止性动词的方法
a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
>begin和start区别

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