Tomorrow Will Be Better, February 3, 2021
大学英语四级选词填空练习附详细答案

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible 难以辨认的 .” It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writ
ing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement.
  Apriority  　Bcriticism Ccontained DclearlyEadventurous F  discourage Gmotivation  　HterribleIignored Jdifficult  　Kencourage LexpressedMconfidently  　Nbright Omotive Lexpressed
　
Answers:
  1. 选 I ; 由该句中的 has 可知,此处应填动词过去式,且表达的含义应和后面的 consider…unimportant 相近,故应排除 contained 和 expressed而选择 ignored ;
  2. 选 A ; 此处应填名词,但能与后面 over 构成固定搭配的名词只有 priority ,故排除 了 criticis
m 和 motivation ;
  3. 选 M. 由空格前面的 and 可知,此处应填副词和 freely 并列;从句意来理解,在没有拼写困难的情况下,怎样鼓励学生自由且 …… 地表达自己,选项中只有 confidently “自信地“符合题意;
  4. 选 N ; 很明显这里应填形容词,选项中 terrible , difficult 后接事物名词 something ,只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody  child ,再由后面的play safe“不冒险”,可排除adventurous而选择bright;
  5. 选 E ; 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid可以推知,此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反,故选项中只有adventurous符合题意;
  6. 选 K ; 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时,可选项有 encourage和 persuade ;由 That’s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系,而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章,从而选择避免用那些不会的词,故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典,因此排除 persuade 而选encourage;
  7. 选 H ; 此处应填形容词;由空格后面的 too many spelling errors和illegible可知,这篇文章是
写的很糟,而不是很难理解;故排除difficult而选terrible;
  8. 选 B ; 此处应填名词;由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知,前半句是在指责学生,故选项中只有criticism符合题意;
  9. 选 C ; 此处填动词过去式,本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay的解释,剩余选项中 contained 和 expressed ,根据句意,文章 …… 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达,故只有 contained 符合题意;
  10. 选 G ; 此处应填名词;根据句意,如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话,会给学生更大的动力去寻求提高；故排除 motive “动机,原因”而选 motivation ;
As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.
  If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its e
mployees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.
  In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.
  Acompare
  Bresponsible
  Cuseful method形容词
  Dadded
  Efind
  Freference
  Gindirect
  Hmethod
  Isuccessful
  Jcombined
  KNecessarily
  Lcapacity
  Mability
  NBasically
  Oadopt
 
Answers:
  1.选B 此处应填形容词;原文意思为“会计部门...计算报酬”,选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的”,useful“有用的”,indirect“间接的”,successful“成功的”,其中indirect不能与for连用,排除；剩余几项中只有Bresponsible意义符合原句,其他均不符合,故排除;
  2.选O 此处应填动词原形;本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题,选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”,find“到”,adopt“采纳”,分别带入原文,只有adopt最符合原文意思,故选O.

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