Oracle12.2监听⽆法启动解决⽅法
在⾃⼰的虚拟机的做实验，突然发现使⽤PL/SQL Developer⽆法连接到数据库，报错ORA-12514，说是监听没有启动。
先介绍虚拟机⼀下环境：redhat7.2+GI 12.2.0.1+Oracle 12.2.0.1，为了测试12.2的ASM特性安装了GI。平时监听程序默认是开启启动的。但是今天不知道为什么没有启动。使⽤crsctl查看资源状态：发现监听的状态确实是OFFLINE状态
[root@rhel7 .oracle]# crsstat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name      Target State    Server          State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE OFFLINE  rhel7          STABLE
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          Started,STABLE
OFFLINE OFFLINE  rhel7          STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.diskmon
1    OFFLINE OFFLINE                STABLE
ora.driver.afd
1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.evmd
1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
racle/product/12.2/d
b_home1,STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
尝试⼿动启动监听，依然报错：
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ srvctl start listener
PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.LISTENER.lsnr
CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_" CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_" CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rhel7' failed
根据提⽰查看trc⽂件，看到如下报错：
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:03:28
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr:
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/a
Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/l
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s)
看到Insufficient privilege for operation这个字样觉得很纳闷，怎么会权限不⾜呢，于是尝试⽤root直接启动监听，依然报错：
[root@rhel7 .oracle]# lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:22:30
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr:
TNS-12546: TNS:permission denied
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00516: Permission denied
为什么oracle网站进不去Linux Error: 13: Permission denied
于是各种百度，下⾯把百度到内容列出来，可能会对看此⽂的同学有⽤，但是对我这种情况没有⽤：
主要是说 /var/tmp/.oracle、/tmp/.oracle 这两个⽬录的权限访问问题。进⼊⼀看，我的/var/tmp/.oracle权限没问题，⽽/tmp/.oracle压根就没有这个⽂件。
于是直接查MOS，看有没有相关的⽂档，到两篇⽂档：
Starting the Listener Fails With: TNS-12557 or TNS-12555: TNS:Permission Denied (⽂档 ID 343253.1)
Listener Fails To Start With IPC Permission Errors (TNS-12546 TNS-12555 TNS-00516 TNS-00525) (⽂档 ID 434062.1)
对⽐了⽂档中列出的问题，跟我的情况也不⼀相，看到最后发现这样⼀句话：
4. If you find that there are no adapters linked or they have errors (such as "Permission denied") then issue a "relink all"
Reference:
Doc ID 1467060.1
于是只有⽤这种⽅法来试试了，由于crs使⽤的是grid home下的监听命令所以对grid home做relink all操作。可是⼜出现报错：
[grid@rhel7 bin]$ relink all
The Oracle home in which you are running this relinking tool does not
have proper write permissions. Please run this relink script as the same
user who owns the Oracle home and ensure that the Oracle home has the
permissions from the original installation.
If this is a Grid Infrastructure home, please refer to the
documentation for the proper steps to relink and apply oneoff patches.
意思是说权限不⾜，使⽤root执⾏，⼜报错说不能⽤root执⾏
[root@rhel7 bin]# relink all
The relink script cannot be run as root.
⼜查看grid home⽬录权限
[root@rhel7 app]# ls -ld grid
total 8
drwxr-x--- 84 root  oinstall 4096 Jul 18 20:26 grid
原来owner是root，怪不得第⼀次执⾏不成功，修改owner(应该直接chmod也可以，这⾥没有做测试)，重新执⾏relink all
[root@rhel7 app]# chown grid grid
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ relink all
writing relink log to: /u01/app/grid/install/relink.log
成功后再次启动监听，启动成功。
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:50:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr:
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/a
Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/l
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias          LISTENER
Version          TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date        15-NOV-2017 20:51:00
Uptime          0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level        off
Security        ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP          OFF
Listener Parameter File  /u01/app/grid/network/a
Listener Log File    /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/l
Listening
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
⾄次问题解决。
总结
以上所述是⼩编给⼤家介绍的Oracle 12.2监听⽆法启动解决⽅法，希望对⼤家有所帮助，如果⼤家有任何疑问请给我留⾔，⼩编会及时回复⼤家的。在此也⾮常感谢⼤家对⽹站的⽀持！

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