1-1
1.as much /adj.+a+n. as
2.the old friend of John’s
3.require sth to be done / require that sth should be done
4.assure sb of sth/that…
5.for fear that sb should do
6.many thousand people / many(/several) thousands of people
7.be excited (at the news/to hear the news)
8.I’ll give you what little sth I have我仅有的=all the sth
all the sth=what little sth that /what few…


1-2
1.make a contribution to…
2.one’s suggestion that sth should be done /suggestion of doing sth(X)
3.be the symbol of 象征 / sign of 迹象（sign of danger）
4.possibility / chance / opportunity / way + to do / of doing

1-3
1.by train /on the train
2.agree on the price就..达成一致
3.I wish I could have helped you--I wish I could have省略时助动词都要提出来
4.leave sth –ed/-ing  to do(X)
5.it is a pity /honor/strange that sth should have happened表示“竟然”语气
6.sb is sure to do /of doing
7.make sure of sth/ make sure to do /make sure sb do
8.stay within call能叫得到
9.句中出现了名词就不能用nothing代，如you said the books were on the desk but there were nothing on the desk(X)
10.take little/no/much notice of

1-4
1.from the historical perspective 从历史的角度
2.sth is missing丢了，不见了、失踪了（人）
3. as is often the case
4.add up to =come to=equals
5.let out a cry
6.let the cat out of the bag/reveal a secret
7.let out that放出消息
8.odd/even numbers奇数偶数
9.objective客观的；目的/主旨 subjective主观的

1-5
1. sth shall be done表示说话人意愿 (it shall be done ^。^)
2. I shall= I will
3. there is hope that…/chances are that
4. 倍数 twice the+n of the…/原级/比较级
5. there are 2 people to do/killed/doing
6. catch sb around the neck/on the nose/by the hand
7. 2 years or so =about 2 years
8. sth make sth 成为（leaves make fertilizer/he makes the manager）

1-6
1. emphasis不可数
2. endure=put up with
3. have one’s clothes altered
4. key issue关键/hot issue热门
5. 12 months is long/12 months are a year
6. there is no telling/denying that who is the murderer
7. pay a fourth visit to
8. a second/third =another
9. like A better than B
10. burn / bury sb alive
11. live鲜活的；直播的
12. living animals / a living man(X)  living形容词形容名词不加单位
13. be trapped in
14. compared with …,sth is …
15. weigh the pros and the cons权衡得失
16. end up with empty-handedness
17. desirable可取的，值得拥有的
18. be strict with sb
19. unreliable不可靠的
20. skillful performance/ excellent skills 娴熟的技艺

1-7
1. for a tome sb did…曾有一段时间
2. feel like doing
3. be supposed to do 应该做  a supposed …(前置定语)应该的，外人认为的
4. many more English words / much more water
5. wage（s） salary(-ies)可数  income不可数
6. rather / a bit / far / much / many / even +比较级  不用quiet
7. superiority over超过某人的优越性
8. get over shyness（克服）/get over the illness/a cold（病好了）/ get over the difficult (克服)
9. let’s talk about it over the dinner/a beer /the lunch 边…边说
10. ten years or so 大约十年
11. a source of the strength 力量源泉
12. we get the wrong idea if we think 如果...想，那就错了
13. more than =very  it is more than fat
14. –ing←prep. Regarding/ including / concerning
15. inform=make information known
16. make a difference to sth 使…变得不同
17. how much profits 多少利益

1-8
1. skimmed milk 脱脂牛奶
2. at present days在当下
3. burn off…烧掉
4. skim…from…出去，剔除…
5. go to extremes走极端
6. dry out （皮肤，手）干裂
7. evidence suggest that迹象表明
8. give reasons for refusal

require名词1-9
1. yet除了在although状从中之外不可单独用，要用…and yet…
2. have a lot/nothing/much in common
3. escaped prisoner
4. be effective against…药片
5. fall victim to the flu / catch a cold 着凉 / the cold 寒流
6. pursue-pursuit <n.>
7. any/ no/ another +such 除了a/an放在such后面(such a …)
8. get/ have access to doing/sth.  approach to doing sth/ sth.
9. be threatened by sb with sth.  threaten(/demand) to do威胁要，扬言要
10. a threat to health健康的威胁
11. hide/ seat/ devote/ lose oneself in…---be hidden/ seated/ devoted/ lost in…
12. for the time being
13. be worn out by 筋疲力尽—exhausted
14. fix one’s eye on…盯着…
15. one (…) or another 某一个
16. want sth to be done = want sth done (order sth to be done/ done/ that sth should be done)
17. it was not until sb had done that sb did
18. system/ situation/ point/ stage +where
19. be on fire=be in flame
20. many a man does …
21. be entitled to do 被授权做

1-10
1. answer for = be responsible for
2. answer to = fulfill = meet = satisfy + need
3. defend-defense(s)
4. line 排在两旁eg. trees line the river / the river is lined with trees
5. thus  conj.+句子/非谓语 adv.+非谓语
6. lay-laid-laid-laying放  lie-lay-lain-lying躺  lie-lied-lied-lying说谎
7. 肯定猜测 must have done
8. than  prep./ 关系代词(定从)
9. involve sb in sth/ doing sth  be/get involved in
10. have/has a tendency to do sth = tend to do
11. be ashamed of…对…羞愧
12. fruits rotten away 水果烂掉  ripe水果成熟  raw material原料 mature man成人
13. be infected with被感染

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