2015届非谓语讲义（S）
英语语法专项复习——非谓语
一、作主语、表语时不定式和动名词的区别:
1.不定式表具体的特定动作，或尚未发生的动作；
动名词表一般泛指的行为，或已有的经验。
2.对称性
___________ (see) is to believe.
Seeing is ____________ (believe).
3.固定句型搭配
It is adj. for sb. to do…
It is adj. of sb. to do…
*It is unwise _______ you to live alone.
*It is impossible _______ you to live alone.
Practice:
1. What he wants to do most now is ________ (have) a rest.
2. __________ (lay) eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job.
3. __________ (injure) in the match cost him the chance of winning.
4. It is quite impossible__________ (save) money now.
5. It is no use _______ (cry) over the spilt milk.
动名词的逻辑主语为有生命的名词时：作主语，用名词或代词的所有格。
做宾语，也可用名词普通格或宾格。
Mary’s /Her being late made the teacher angry.
Do you mind Tom/my/me opening the windows?
其他情况都只用普通格。
二、现在分词、过去分词作表语、定语的区别
Practice:
1. The news is __________ (upset).
2. I’m __________ (upset).
3. She had a __________ (disappoint) expression when I said she must stay at home.
4. What ____________ (disappoint) news!
三、作宾语时不定式和动名词的区别:
Vt. + to do
表希望、计划等意向动词expect, hope, intend, plan, promise, want, wish, mean表过
去未实现的愿望、计划
expected to have done = had expected to do
类似用法还有would like, was/were +to have done
Vt. + doing
*advise/allow/forbid/permit doing…
*advise/allow/forbid/permit sb. to do…
*encourage/recommend (doing) sth.
*encourage/recommend sb. to do…
Vt.+ to do/doing…
can’t bear/stand/endure（不能忍受）, continue, begin, start, dislike, hate, like, love …
*feel like doing…
Vt. + to do
+ doing 但意义有区别
remember, forget
1. I remember ____________ (post) the letter yesterday.
2. Please remember ____________ (post) the letter.
3. Don’t forget ____________ (return) the book to me.
4. The boy will never forget ____________ (take) to Beijing.
regret
1. I regret not ____________ (accept) your advice.
2. I regret ____________ (tell) you that you failed.
stop, go on
1. He stopped ____________ (speak), and there was not a single sound in the room.
2. He stopped ____________ (listen), but there was not a single sound in the room.
3. You shouldn’t go on ___________ (live) this way.
4. Go on ___________(do) the other exercises after you’ve finished this one.
try, mean, can’t h elp, be afraid
1. If you want to improve the taste, try __________ (add) some sugar.
2. He tried __________ (improve) his spoken English.
3. Your plan would mean ____________ (spend) a lot of money.
4. I didn’t mean ___________ (spend) too much money on that project.
5. She couldn’t help ___________ (smile).
6. I’m so busy today that I can’t help ___________ (do) the housework for you.
7. He’s afraid of ____________ (fall) down.
8. He’s afraid ___________ (swim) in the sea.
need/want/require/deserve
need/want/require doing=to be done 某事需要被做
deserve doing=to be done 应受到…
1. The flower is dying; it needs _____________ (water)
2. Those naughty boys deserve ______________ (punish).
请注意以下用法：
prefer/would rather
prefer to do… rather than do…
prefer doing…to doing…
would rather do…than do…情愿做…而不愿做…
worth/worthy
…be worth doing某事值得被做
=be worthy of being done
=be worthy to be done
used to do…过去习惯于做某事
be/get/become used to doing…习惯于做某事
be used to do…被用来做某事
1. I’m used to ____________ (treat) like this.
2. Bamboo is often used ___________ (make) chairs and baskets.
请注意下列固定词组中省略的介词
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing…
have a good time/a hard time (in) doing…
spend time (in) doing…
waste time (in) doing…require名词
be busy (in) doing…
不定式可以作为介词except, but 的宾语，有时带to, 有时不带to，其大致原则是
“有do无to，无do有to”。
固定搭配
can’t help / choose but do…/can’t but do…
Practice:
1. He has no choice but ___________ (wait) here.
2. He has nothing to do but ___________ (wait) here.
3. He desires nothing but ___________ (succeed).
4. I can’t but _____________ (admire) him.
四、作宾补时不定式和分词的区别：
*ask sb to do sth 可改成ask sth of sb
类似的动词有：expect sth of sb.
demand sth of sb.
require sth of sb.
Many parents expect too much of their children.
Practice:
1. He was considered ___________ (cheat) in the final exam.
2. Charles Babbage is generally considered _______________ ( invent) the first computer.
3. Do you consider it ___________ (be) important?
4. The problem is considered ____________ (solve) already.
5. Will you consider ___________ (study) abroad?
感官动词see, look at, watch, notice, observe, hear, listen to, feel后的宾补

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